NO. 10 NEBRASKA ARCHEOLOGY STRONG 223 



pronounced changes in the activity of the streams, the lower complexes of the 

 exposure at Greenwood Creek might predate the oldest of Sears' periods. Such 

 would very Hkely bring at least zone A into the youngest Pleistocene. 



Before considering the cultural implications of the above discoveries 

 two other recent finds in northeastern Colorado should be mentioned. 

 In 1932, and again in 1933. single chipped points v^^ere found in associ- 

 ation with mammoth remains at a site near Dent, Colorado. (Figgins, 

 1933.) The original discovery was made by Michael Ryan, Jr., and 

 Father Conrad Bilgery, S. J., and the second artifact was observed in 

 situ and photographed by Figgins (ibid.). The chipped flint blades are 

 respectively 1 1.4 cm and 9.4 cm in length. One is leaf -shaped with a 

 short longitudinal groove on both sides (NAb4, fig. 7), the other is 

 longer and more triangular with a slight longitudinal groove on each 

 side. (See illustrations, Figgins, 1933.) From their length they suggest 

 knife or spear points. Partial remains of 12 individual mammoths 

 were present, in the main representing young and small individuals. 

 Figgins calls attention to the presence of numerous large boulders, 

 which appear to be uncommon in the horizon, in association with the 

 animal remains. The exact geologic age of the remains is uncertain, 

 but Figgins believes that the terrace materials in which they occur must 

 have been deposited by a vastly greater and older stream than the 

 present South Platte River. 



The most recent, and in many regards the most important excavation 

 of this general type, was made by F. H. H. Roberts, Jr., of the Bureau 

 of American Ethnology, in the region of Fort Collins, Colo., in 

 October, 1934. (Roberts, 1935.) Guided by Maj. Roy G. Coffin and 

 his brother Judge C. C. Coffin, who had found numerous Folsom 

 points in the immediate vicinity, Roberts discovered remains of camp 

 sites and workshops in a black soil stratum beneath some 14 feet of 

 gravel and top soil. Numerous artifacts were found in association with 

 camp debris such as storage pits, broken animal bones, and scattered 

 charcoal. The findings at the Lindenmeier site included some 30 

 Folsom points (NAb4, fig. 7) (mostly broken), end scrapers, side 

 scrapers, flake knives, stone drills with tiny points, and numerous small 

 flake gravers. Grinding stones, ground fragments of hematite, and a 

 few bone artifacts were also recovered in the preliminary excavations. 

 Particularly interesting are a number of planoconvex flakes that had 

 been thrown oft the otherwise completed Folsom type points. These 

 indicate that Folsom type points were fully retouched on both sides 

 and that the removal of the two longitudinal flakes was the last, and 

 probably the most delicate, step in their production. The chipped stone 

 artifacts show that it was largely a flake industry, and the majority of 



