NO. lO NEBRASKA ARCHEOLOGY — STRONG 235 



(pi. 24, fig. I, r) have rounded ends each with a single perforation; 

 I piece of worked scapula (possibly part of a hoe) ; i well-made 

 fishhook (pi. 24, fig. I, q) ; and 12 bird bone beads of various lengths 

 (pi. 24, fig. I, v). One of the latter is neatly incised with encircling 

 grooves. From level II come 5 pieces of thin, incised bone, 2 with 

 perforations and incised angular designs (pi. 24, fig. 2, />, compare 

 pi. 24, fig. I, r) ; 2 flat and triangular awls of split bone, i very rough 

 (pi. 24, fig. 2, q) ; 4 knapping tools, i a large rib ground to a rough 

 point, the others rough bone fragments (pi. 24, fig. 2, o). In addition, 

 there is a split deer cannon bone as well as some calcined and splintered 

 fragments. Level I yielded 72 definite bone and antler artifacts : there 

 are 15 knapping tools (of split bone, i small, 4 large bison ulnae, the 

 others intermediate) (pi. 25, fig. 2, k) ; 14 rounded bone or antler 

 awls (pi. 25, fig. 2, b) : 22 split bone or antler awls, characteristically 

 with an abrupt, shouldered point (pi. 25, fig. 2, a) ; 5 large gouges or 

 scrapers of split bison bone, unworked except for the edge (pi. 25, 

 fig. 2, c) ; 12 incised bone fragments with simple geometric designs 

 (pi. 25, fig. 2, /) ; 4 bird bone beads (pi. 25, fig. 2, g) ; and a consider- 

 able number of split or worked fragments. 



Shell Work 



A small amount of molluscan material appeared in each level. These 

 fragments have not been identified as yet, but fresh-water species 

 appear to be the only forms represented. Level III yielded two frag- 

 ments of shell and level II a handful of fresh-water mussel shell 

 fragments. From level I comes one small, clawlike shell pendant 

 with two notches at the top, several fragments of definitely cut or 

 ground shells, and a number of broken, unworked pieces. 



This concludes the listing and brief analysis of all artifact types 

 recovered in our excavations at Signal Butte. The occurrence of two 

 types of pottery in level III and its complete absence in levels II and I, 

 with the marked difl^erences in distribution and types of chipped points 

 in all three levels (table 3), form the most striking demonstration of 

 the cultural differentiation between the three levels which are physi- 

 cally separated by barren strata (fig. 29). The major cultural trends 

 observable in this long human record and their apparent significance 

 from the historic standpoint will be dealt with in later sections. 



Animal Remains 



Dr. C. L. Gazin, of the United States National Museum, reports as 

 follows on the very fragmentary animal material from Signal Butte : 



In all cases where material is sufficiently good to permit specific identifications, 

 living species are recognized. The fauna is that which is living in the region 



