THE CI-DEVANT GENUS EPINEPHELK. 155 



The uncus of iiasiji/iai' is similar to that of ida, but more finely 

 drawn out; the valvie are of a rough and rather irregular form, jagged 

 on the lower side, and without the sawlike teeth on the upper edge ; 

 there is also a prominent shoulder. I have only five mounts of this 

 species, four from Marseilles and one from N.W. Spain. Judging from 

 such a very small number, the form of valvjB and uncus is constant. 

 There is no peniculus. 



The third group consists of h/raiDi and iiarica. The uncus, a pro- 

 longation of the tegumen, the dorsal outline of which is an unbrol<en 

 curve, separates these two species from all other European ci-devant 

 KpineplieU'. The uncus, indeed, looks as though it were of a piece 

 with the tegumen, and not a process of the same. The lateral pro- 

 cesses, that I call the brachia, are stout and immovable, springing 

 from rather low down, and broadly separated from the dorsal process, 

 thus resemblmg the brachia of many of the Kirhia, ejj., eiiiphnni, 

 nerine, ceto, edda, pronoe, sci/iin. 



The uncus of hjcaon is extremely long and fine, it curves right 

 down over the valvse. This in connection with much shorter brachia 

 gives it a different aspect from the uncus of narica. The valvse of 

 narica are rather broader at the base than those of hjcaon, instead of 

 gradually tapering off from base to toe, there is a kind of heel and a 

 rapid tapering off upwards. 



In considering the connection between one species and another, I 

 have not allowed myself to take the wing of the butterfly into con- 

 sideration, but now that this part of the work is finished, it is with 

 pleasure that I remark that the close relationship between li/raon and 

 )iarica is entirely supported by the similarity of wing stucture. The 

 lengthening of the lateral and shortening of the dorsal process of the 

 uncus in narica — or vice versa in hjcaon — seems to be an application of 

 Geoffroy's law of compensation which accounts for a fowl with a large 

 tuft of feathers on the head having a dimished comb, or the possession 

 of a large beard being accompanied by diminished wattles. Lengthen 

 the beak and shorten the brachia of narica's uncus and we have the 

 uncus of bjcaan, The difference between the two is rather apparent 

 than real. 



Together with the genitalia of bjcann I give a figure of those of the 

 gynandromorpbous bjcaon, about which a note was published in the 

 Knt. Uecord, vol. xxvi., pp. 252, 253. It will be observed that the 

 uncus is foreshortened and lumpy, the wdU'X asymmetrical and mis- 

 formed. For an account of the ovaries and other organs, see above 

 note. 



The genitalia of bjcaon are constant m form. I have too few 

 narica to allow me to come to any conclusion on this point. 



In the fourth group there is only one European representative, 

 tit/tonus. The dorsal and lateral process is jointed on to the tegumen, 

 there being a strong depression at the point of insertion. The valva 

 has a cruel jaw-like appearance ; several rather small teeth at the 

 extremity, followed by a row of strong sharp teeth, often set in pairs. 

 I have about 40 mounts from Switzerland, France and Spain, and find 

 the uncus absolutely constant in all; the position and number of teeth 



[On p. 153, line 3, the Italics are mine. — P.A.H.M.] 



