34 THE entomologist's record. 



first time, and even when he wrote the xiith ed. of the Sys. Nat., the 

 confusion in his mind was not entirely cleared up, since he again refers 

 Koesel's figures oi phlaeas to rin/aiireac, for the $ of which he evidently 

 takes them, though he correctly places his previous references to Ray 

 and Merian under jiJilaean. In this ed. of the .S'//.s. AV(^ he only refers 

 back to Ko. 808 in the 1st ed. of the Fn. Snec. under viii/aKreae, and 

 omits the reference to Koesel's figures of hijijiotlid'e (pi. xxxvii., figs. 5, 

 6) altogether. His continued reference to this description [Fn. Siiec, 

 1st ed., no. 808), in which the white spots of the underside are 

 specially noted, and his further mention of them (subtus .... 

 posticis serie punctorum albidorum) in .S'//.s. Nat., xth ed., can leave no 

 doubt as to what species he intended by vin/aHicae, however much he 

 may have confused the Js; and this is just a case where the 

 corroborative evidence of his specimens appears to me far too strong to 

 be disregarded. For though these specimens cannot be accepted as 

 " types," the fact that we still possess specimens labelled by him as 

 vir(/aiireae and liipjiuthn'e respectively can leave us m no doubt as to 

 what species he described under these names, since there is no mixture 

 of species in the specimens under either title. It is significant also 

 that the specimens are all 3 s, and it is at least possible that he 

 may never have seen a genuine specimen of the $ vin/aiireae, since 

 he never described any 5 as having white spots on the underside. 

 I only wish that I could agree with Mr. Bethune-Baker that 

 Dr. Verity's name inalpinii.s (a truly terrible word — is it by any chance 

 intended to mean "not alpine"?) cannot stand, but I do not see any 

 pretext for disregarding it. Since the species was originally described 

 m the Fit. Snec, without reference to figures of another form, the 

 Swedish race must be the " nimotypical " one; it is true that there is 

 no noticeable difference between this and many of the higher alpine 

 specimens. Dr. Verity's statement to the contrary notwithstanding, but 

 it differs very considerably in size and colour from the form which he 

 describes as inalpintu^, which occurs in several localities in Switzerland, 

 both at comparatively low levels, such as the Ehone Valley, where it 

 is scarce, and in more elevated situations, such as the southern slope of 

 the Simplon, including the Laquinthal (about 4,500ft.), where it is 

 common. With Mr. Bethune-Baker's observations on the varietal 

 names of Jiip/iot/ioe I am in complete agreement. 



Ari/ii.^. — I do not feel the slightest doubt that Dr. Verity is right in 

 assigning the blue Linnean J to the species now called arij}jru(/no}iiun. 

 Bergs. If this be the case, my supposition {JJiitts. Snitz., etc., pp. iv., 

 42) that Linneus had included the two species under one name is 

 proved to be correct, quite independently of whether this is the 

 specimen from which any of his descriptions were made or not ; and in 

 that case I see no excuse for not reverting to the designations "ariitis" 

 and ^'aei/oH" to which the entomological world was so long accustomed, 

 since the case is exactly parallel with those of /*/.s and fiennione, 

 where Linneus described two species under one name, and in point of fact 

 included specimens of both species under the one name in his collection, 

 Schiti'ermiiller again coming in as " first reviser," and confining the name 

 ar;/iis to one species by naming the other aetjon. The specimen in 

 question is not even labelled " /W^.s," and in any case Mr. ]3ethune- 

 Baker's argument on the inadmissibility of this name for either species 

 {loc. cit., p. 253) is irresistible, hlaa is a homonym which cannot be 

 employed for any species. 



