NOTES ON ALGERIAN AND TUNISIAN INSECTS. 69 



insects in an almost English hay-field. Coe)ionywpha paniphilKs was 

 quite abundant, and nearly fresh. I fancy that the underside, and 

 especially the hindwings, are slightly dark in a general way. There 

 was, however, no approach to var. lyllus. Epacromia strepens and A. 

 apjU/ptiiDii represented the Orthoptera; Eucera saimdersi, Friese, 3 , and 

 Andrena ranunculi, Perez., S s, the Hymenoptera. The last-named 

 species was quite abundant at buttercup flowers. 



Batna itself is a square-walled town with a garrison, at about 

 3,000ft. The hotels vie with one another in dirt and expense. Never- 

 theless, if you go near Batna you should certainly stop and see the 

 Roman remains at Timgad and Lambese. We drove to this last place 

 and walked back along the skirts of the hills. Everyone we met talked 

 of M. Harold Powell, who has his base of operations here. The 

 uncultivated and hilly parts of the country are covered with loose 

 scrubby trees, about 12 feet high. Quercus ilex var. ballota was 

 predominant. It is peculiar that all the flowering trees and bushes had 

 purple flowers, for instance Retama borei, Globularia, and Bonmarinua 

 officinalis var. tourneforti. The few herbs had all of them yellow 

 flowers, e.(/., various Cruciferae and the bulb Gaijea. I was loaded with 

 a gun or should certainly have done better with my net. Nevertheless 

 Prof. Garstang and myself took Pontia daplidice, Anthocharia belia 

 [cranieri), A. belemia var. distincta, Rober, G. cleopatra and a few 

 species which may be specially noted. Euchloe cuplwno [bclia) occurred, 

 both sexes in equal numbers. A good summary of female variation is 

 to be found in Oberthiir, Lep. C'nniparec, Fasc. iii., p. 1B7. It 

 is surely noteworthy that the ^ is so constant, at any rate when 

 compared with the variable 5 . Euiionia polychloros var. erytliro- 

 melas (?) was common. The specimens were desperately torn and 

 rubbed also. I suggest they were hybernated specimens, and would 

 remind those who doubt this that we were now high up, and that 

 Lambese has a late spring and a cold winter. No other butterfly 

 was in such a delapidated plight ; on the contrary, most were newly 

 emerged. Theator ballus was almost fresh, though everywhere else it 

 had been quite past its best. This also must be due to altitude. C. 

 pamphilus was common, and very lively. It was noted sitting perpen- 

 dicular to the sun's rays (" across the sun ") with a tilt of about 

 30% from the vertical. When only resting temporarily (say a minute 

 or less) the forewings Avere kept forward, over the back ; the red disc 

 and eyespot were thus not covered by the cryptically coloured hind- 

 wings. Callop/irys rubi var. fevvida-caeca, $ s were quite common — no 

 traceof white on the underside. One ? Hoiperia {Syrichthus) ali, Ohthv., 

 was captured. This is the Algerian representative of H. sao in Europe. 

 The figure of the underside in Seitz's Macrolepidoptera (Divisio7i 

 Palaearctica) vol. i., plate 85c. is most misleading. The text, however, is 

 correct. Hymenoptera were very abundant. Hook Kucera ciliata, c^s, 

 P. yallicus, J , Andrena giroudi, ^ s, A. vetula, Lep., ? ,A inorio, BruUe, 

 2 , Halictusscabiosae, Rossi., ^ small var., Osmia firacilicornis,Pevez., ? , 

 AnthidiuDi. sticticuui, F., 3, Xylocopa violacea (abundant), X. amedei, 

 Lep. { = cirtana, Luc), <y s, Bonihus lucoru)n and Apis uieliitica. The 

 two males of A', amedei were buzzing round and round the verandah of 

 a house. Also I took some few ants, Camponotus sylvaticus, Oliv., var.?, 

 Messor barbaruti,Ij., Pheidole pailidula, Nyl. and Creniastoyaster lacstryyon, 

 Emery. We also captured the. following Orthoptera. Two male earwigs 



