104 THE entomologist's record. 



C. typhon, including some very dark forms from Witherslack, also 

 Acidalia fumata, Nisoniades leases, and Aricia [Lycaena) inedon (astrarche) 

 from the same place. Dr. P. F. Tinne, various species of autumn 

 Lepidoptera from the North of Ireland, including a nicely varied series of 

 Cidaria trimcata, several being the var. centumnotata. AH the members 

 present reported a very poor season from a collector's point of view. 



November 11th, 1913.— Elections. — Messrs. W. Bowater, B.D.S., 

 F.E.S., Brandon Lodge, Russell Road, Moseley, Birmingham, and 

 Arnold W. Hughes, 33, Dacy Road, Everton, Liverpool, were 

 elected members. — Paper. — Dr. P. F. Tinne read a paper entitled 

 "Insects concerned in the Pollination of Plants," in which he dealt 

 very thoroughly with the part played by insects in this important 

 process. Interesting examples were given, chiefly drawn from the 

 Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera, as to the methods of the various 

 species ; he described the structure of the floral organs of plants which 

 facilitated the operations of the insect principally concerned in the 

 pollination, and also indicated how unwelcome or inefficient visitors 

 were repelled and imprisoned, or otherwise prevented from interfering 

 with the process. Mr. W. A. Tyerman, a fine bred series of Notodonta 

 droviedarius var. perfusca, Dianthoecia nana, D. cncubali, and Phibalap- 

 teryx vittata from the Southport district, also Sphinx convolvidi, Nenieo- 

 phila plantaginis, and Callbnorpha dominula. A specimen of 

 Chaerocavipa nerii captured by a farmer near Ainsdale, on September 

 14th, 1913 ; it was in a very dilapidated condition, bftt easily recognisable, 

 and it forms a very interesting addition to our county list. Comparison 

 OF T. VARiATA AND T. oBELiscATA.— Mr. "S^ . Mansbridge showed a short 

 series of Tliera variata, and pale forms of T. obeliscata for comparison. 



December 15th. — Annual Meeting of the Society held at the Royal 

 Institution, Co quit St., Liverpool, the President, Mr. F. N. Pierce, in 

 the chair. Election. — Mr. John Wilding, 52a, OrrellLane, Liverpool, 

 was elected a member. Election of Officers. — The following 

 memberswere elected Officers and Council for next year : — President, 

 R. Wilding. Vice-Presidents, F. N. Pierce, F.E.S., R. Newstead, 

 F.R.S., M.Sc, J. R. le B. Tomlin, M.A., F.E.S., H. R. Sweeting, M.A. 

 Hon. Treasurer, J. Cotton. Librarian, F. N. Pierce. Bon. Secretarrj, 

 Wm. Mansbridge, F.E.S. Council, L. West., H. S. Leigh, F.E.S., 

 A. E. Gibbs, F.L.S., F.E.S., A. W. Boyd, M.A., F.E.S., C. E. Stott, 

 P. F. Tinne, M.A., S. P. Doudney, Wm. Webster, R. S. Bagnall, 

 F.L.S., F.E.S. Presidential Address. — Mr. F. N. Pierce delivered 

 the Presidential Address taking for his subject " The Hairs and Scales 

 of Lepidoptera." He described in detail his original observations 

 upon this branch of insect morphology and illustrated the same by 

 many drawings and microscopic preparations. In the course of his 

 remarks he described a difference he had found between certain scales 

 in Tephrosia crepnsciilaria and T. biundidaria and stated that this was 

 the only difference of a structural character he had been able to 

 discover in these two species. A Record for the North of England. 

 — Mr. R. Wilding brought a specimen of PUibolia bipnnctaria for exhibi- 

 tion and stated that it was taken by himself so long ago as July, 1880, 

 but he had never before recorded it. Captured at West Kirby, this is 

 the second record of this unlikely moth for our two counties. Colour 

 photographs of Lepidoptera. — Dr. J. Cotton showed a number of 

 colour photographs of Lepidoptera by the Paget process, and pointed 

 out the advantages of these plates over the older processes. 



