110 THE entomologist's RECORD. 



species. It is, of course, possible to produce individual specimens in 

 which any one particular point is wanting, but in these cases two or 

 three of the others are present. I have added fig. 8 to illustrate this, 

 showing the rarer position of nervure 6, figs. 1 to 7, being typical. 

 In this specimen the other points were all typical. 



FoREwiNGs.- — (1) Curvature of the veins.— This I find varies too 

 much in manto to be of any use. My note, however, referred to the 

 forewings only, but as it was given under the heading " forewing," I 

 did not think it necessary to state this again. Dr. Chapman took for 

 his example a vein in the hindwings. 



(2) Form of discoidal nervules, between nervures 4 and 6. — My 

 point here was the shape of the end of the discoidal cell. The nervules 

 being straighter in (javarniensia gives this a fiat appearance, in manto it 

 is generally more curved. Here again, however, there is too much 

 variation in manto to use this point. 



(3) Sizes of discoidal cells. — Dr. Chapman appears to have misread 

 my notes. He takes my point as "cell broader in manto,'' and continues, 

 " My figures show cell narrower in manto.'' From this I gather that 

 he thinks I am drawing a difference by comparing the actual size of 

 the cell in one insect with that of the cell in the other. This, unless 

 dealing with a species absolutely constant in size, would surely have 

 been a most futile comparison. What I wrote of f/avarmeusis was, 

 " cell one-third as broad as the length," and of manto, " cell a little 

 more than one-third as broad as the length." This, obviously, was 

 not the same thing as to state that in width the cell measured more in 

 manto than in (/ararniensis, but to show that in manto it was broader in 

 ■proportion to its le.nijth than in fiai^arniensis. The same applies to the 

 length; and measurements from the specimens from which the photo- 

 graph was made, and many others, give us the following results : — In 

 manto length of cell slightly less than half that of the wing (as an 

 average in the proportion of about eight-and-a-half to nineteen), and a 

 little more than one-third as broad as the length (about three to eight- 

 and-a-half). In iiararnientiis we get the cell almost exactly half the 

 length of the wing (eleven to tAventy-two), and slightly less than one- 

 third as broad as the length (three-and-a-half to eleven). This shows 

 somewhat more clearly what my previous notes were meant to state, 

 that in the smaller insect the discoidal cell is slightly shorter and 

 broader in proportion to the size of the wing than in the larger one. 



(4) Proximity of nervures 6 and 8, joined in origin in manto.- — Dr. 

 Chapman remarks, "this is not the case." Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 

 show most distinctly that it is. 



Hindwings. — (5) Discoidal cell less sharply angled than in )nanto. — 

 Dr. Chapman remarks, " I can see no difference." In f/avarniensis the 

 disco-cellular nervules between nervures 4 and 6 form an absolutely 

 straight un-angled line. In manto the junction of nervure 5 causes 

 an angle, either inwards or outwards, as the case may be, which com- 

 pletely destroys the look of flatness which is so marked in (/aramiensis. 

 Even in the case where nervure 5 is absent in manto the angle remains. 

 Again, in manto, the angle in the median nervure, where nervure 2 

 rises, is decidedly more marked than in i/ararniensis. Measurements 

 of the specimens from which the photograph was made show the angle 

 in manto to vary from 155° to 157°, and in r/ararniensis from 160° to 

 162°. 



