NOTE IN ANSWER TO OBSERVATIONS. 175 



answered each other so admirably as nearly to furnish an absolute 

 proof that the latter is the very one from which the former was drawn. 

 In reading uiacidis arnenteiti one is of course immediately inclined to 

 think^of the specimens in which the silvery spots are fully developed, 

 but ,it must be observed that Linneus in the noDien Hperiiiciuii states 

 that the Hiandia an/enteis are thirteen, and that in the brief descrip- 

 tion which follows it he specifies that there are seven marginal spots 

 {" iiiacidis . . . vy/rt/y/?«ai//>/(.s ") and SIX specks (" /)/mr^/.s ") across 

 the disc of the wing. Now, in the so-called nimotypical niobe, there 

 exist no less than 27 and sometimes as many as 84 silver markings on 

 the hindwing alone. On examining the Linnean specimen we instead, 

 find that the seven marginal sub-triangular spots have a slight silvei'v 

 shine and that the six rust-coloured spots on the light band which 

 crosses the disc have minute, but most distinct, silver pupils. Thus 

 it answers perfectly to Linneus's accurate description. On the other 

 hand the specimen can only be regarded as belonging to the form 

 usually known as eriii, 0., because all the large basal markings are 

 yellow and the aforementioned marginal ones are but very slightly 

 silvery. That is why I do not hesitate to consider the latter as the 

 nimotypical form of the species'''. 



As to ri/ilip/H', it seems to me there is first of all no reason to accept 

 the change Linneus proposed when he converted it into aclippe, simply 

 because he chose to call another species by that name : cydijijie was the 

 first name given to the Ariiynnin, and cijdippe it must remain : if any- 

 thing, the Oriental (Jethnsia, described some years later, should receive 

 another name, as I have already mentioned ; but njilippe can stand for 

 both, as they belong to entirely different groups and oilippe can be 

 nothing else but a synonym of cipUj)pe as far as tlie genus Aniynnia is 

 concerned ; it is remarkable no entomologist should have noticed this 

 before, independently of my latest discovery that the species first 

 figured by Esper is not the one for which either of these naines was 

 intended. 



heniiiovc and alnjone. — Here again the Rev. G. Wheeler is not 

 correct in stating that Linneus described the two species under the 

 name lieiinionc : his description may be insufficient to decide which of 

 the two he was dealing with (though I personally think the fulvous 

 band, mentioned as being on the underside of the forewings, is 

 sufficient to designate the species subsequently named alajone, Schiff.), 

 but the specimen now under our eyes, labelled by himself, seems 

 sufficient to eliminate any doubt also on this point, and Schifi'ermiiller's 

 tentative choice between the two, which, as in other cases, turned out 

 unfortunate, must be corrected. 



Macro. — I own I am very surprised at my critic's observations 

 about this species. There certainly mny exist faint traces of a tawny 

 band on the upperside of some Scandinavian specimens and these 

 bands may, on the contrary, be alxsent in some Cenr.ral-European 

 specimens (these individual variations generally occur amongst all 

 races), but the point of chief interest is that monotonia, Schilde, has 

 the underside of the forewings of a dark chocolate colour with a 



* It is also noteworthy that Linneus in his descriptions of an^i/)7;e = cyrf;;?/>e 

 compares it to (iglida and not to niohe, which shows the Isitter must have had quite 

 a different look from the specimens with fully developed silver markings, a 

 character to which he evidently gave considerahle specific importance. 



