178 THE entomologist's I'tECOKD. 



different, being sharply excavated beyond the centre and terminating- 

 in a long dagger-shaped point, the girdle is suddenly projected back- 

 wards, and the bifid fore-part of the tegumen has very copious broad 

 cheeks without falces, whilst the apical ridge is much elevated and 

 reduced to a very narrow saddle. The asdoeagus is also quite different 

 in shape. 



Kceres aiyiades (PL xiv., fig. 4), may be taken as somewhat near to 

 (\ nrf/ioliix, but again the colour and underside pattern show a different 

 development, and this is more strongly marked in the armature, 

 whilst the nenration also differs slightly. The marked difference in 

 the clasp will be seen at once, as also in the tegumen, but the tedoeagus 

 is nearer. At the same time, if we refer to the clasp of an/iolns and 

 also oi piispa (PI. xiv., tig. 3), the process of the development of the 

 clasp of the genus Celaatrina towards Kceren is quite evident, viz., the 

 curving downwards of the long spike of the upper margin so as to form 

 the long recurved hook of the latter [lu-ereH). The tegumen is very 

 diverse being greatly reduced with its greatest development along the 

 dorsal line, whilst the cheeks are much reduced, and have short spikes 

 in place of the falces, these being of the most reduced form of this 

 organ that I know of in the group. 



The nearest species in pattern to this genus (omitting the genus 

 Cupido, which is an Everid) is perhaps Glaucopsyc/ie cijllaras (PI. xiv., 

 fig. 5,), but the male armature differs and the colour and pattern are 

 in reality different from both though difficult to describe in words. 

 The clasp is large and heavy, and in its termination is a modification 

 of both the previous ones; the tegumen is very near Celastrina, in fact 

 it might belong to it were it not that it has well developed falces, 

 whilst the a3da3agus is nearer to Everes. Our beautiful English large 

 blue Lycaena avion belongs to the same section as Glancopsiiche 

 cijUarns. I only bring it forward now (PI. xiv., fig. 6), to show how 

 a marked development of pattern may be accompanied only by a small 

 alteration in structure when it occurs within its own sub-family. In 

 the former the difference in pattern is well known. In the armature, 

 however, the clasp is yet larger and heavier (squarer), the terminal 

 hook is also more heavily developed, and the tegumen is decidedly 

 further away from the Celastrinid group. The dorsal part of it is 

 not excised to anything like so great an extent, and the lateral cheeks, 

 which are provided with very long and strong falces, are unusually 

 large and square. The ffidceagus does not differ materially from the 

 species last described, this however we should expect, (jrlaiwopsi/che 

 belonging to the Lijcaena group in its strict sense. 



Scolitantides orioii (PI. xiv., fig. 7), brings in another group of the 

 Plebeiinae with several genera, but the one species will be sufficient for 

 my purpose. The pattern is quite different to any of the others. The 

 prehensores are likewise different, the clasps being very simple, of 

 moderate length and width, and evenly rounded at its termination, 

 not being divided into two sections at its apex, as so many are. 

 It would have (one would imagine) but little grasping power. The 

 tegumen is of a reduced Celastrinid type, but with regular Plebeiid 

 hooks. The sedoeagus is very different, though it has the Everid little 

 spikes at its lower extremitj^ ; the fulcrum, however, is very highly 

 developed, being very long and deeply curved. 



Callophrijs riihi (PI. xv., tig. 8). — Our common Green Hairstreak is 



