184 THE entomologist's record. 



Plate XVII. 



Fig. 16. Cifiarilis zohra. off, for clearness, and falces 



,, 17. Heodes phlaeas. of tegumen misplaced.) 



,, 18. ifpor/es t/;e^?/s, (ajdoeagus upside Fig. 19. Heodes sar thus. 

 down, apex of one clasp cut 



22. Ruralis orientalis. 



23. Acraea zetes. 



24. Acraea chilo. 



Fig. 28. Acraea acrita var. pxidorina, 

 (uncal extremity broken off). 

 29. Acraea periphanes var. acri- 

 toides. 

 ,, 30. Acraea acrita. 



Plate XX. 



Fig. 31. Acraea caldarena. ,, 36. Acraea pudorella (not referred 

 ,, 32. Acraea pudorella. to in text). 



,, 33. Acraea. chamhezi. ,, 37. Amauris echeria v&r. jacksoni, 



,, 34. Acraea iiiaiinya. ,, 38. Amauris albimaculata. 



,, 35. Acraea pudorella var. detecta ,, 39. Amauris danfeldti. 



(not referred to in text). ,, 40. Amauris angolae. 



i^CIENTIFIC NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 



On Elachista poae. — I have been breeding this Tineid and can add 

 a few points to Stainton's account {Nat. Hist. Tineina, vol. iii., p. 10-4). 

 On May 10th, 1914, most of the larv<e had already pupated, however, 

 I found a couple of larvfe on the eve of pupation as late as May 27th. 

 The imagines emerged from May 23rd onwards, nearly always in the 

 morning. I have the actual hour of emergence noted in a few cases, 

 8,30 a.m., 8.45 a.m. ; and one as late as 10.0 a.m., but that is 

 exceptional. 



The insects were found along the banks of the River Granta, above 

 Cambridge. The pupa is generally about two feet above the water. 

 It is frequently on an uneaten leaf, so we presume the larva wanders 

 about when full-fed. Once only, out of sixty cases observed, did 1 find 

 two pupjB on one leaf. The pupa is invariably head upwards on the 

 concave side of the leaf-lamina of Ghjreria, sp. A slight cocoon is 

 formed, frequently when the leaf is still young. The cocoon bridges 

 across the space between the two sides of the partially folded leaf, and 

 as the leaf grows and becomes flatter the cavity of the cocoon is reduced 

 and the whole structure is not seldom ruptured. This does not appear 

 to harm the pupa. The cocoon varies in vertical length from 11mm. to 

 18mm., and in breadth from 6-5mm. to 8inm. It is extremely frail, and 

 formed of white silk, nearly all the strands of silk run transversely from 

 one side of the leaf to the other. The cocoon forms a '• blanket " 

 over the pupa, and there is no inner cocoon. The tail of the pupa is 

 attached, I suppose by means of hooks, to a small dense web under the 

 lower end of the " blanket." The upper end of the pupa is absolutely 

 free but retains its perpendicular position by virtue of thin fixation of 

 the tail, and also because the pupa is very stif}'. This position is not 

 affected by the accidental rupture of the " blanket." 



