272 THE entomologist's record. 



under the lower branches of bushes and worming its way through 

 interstices in the hedges. It only rose in the air when much pressed, 

 either by the net or by pugnacious specimens of D. jianilnra. It was 

 in very bad condition indeed. H. pelopea, on the other hand, flew on 

 open ground, perching on the soil or on rocks, rarely on flowers, and 

 going off Avildly when disturbed. H. anthe also occurred here, and I 

 took a pair of SatyruH actaea var. hadjina (?), which were both much 

 worn, on an outcrop of white limestone above the village of Bludan. 

 I tried the mountain immediately above Bludan up to the summit — 

 about 6000ft. up — but got very little, everything being burnt up by 

 heat. Thecla myrtale, Plebeius (? ?) panaijaea, and Pohjominatus icarus 

 with H. anthe, and H. pelopea being all I got. There were no trees, 

 as at Ain Zahalta, The Cedars, and other high localities to keep the 

 moisture in the ground, and the loose, stony slopes bore little 

 vegetation. 



Of the butterflies noticed around Bludan, Celastrina an/iulus was 

 far the most common. Every bush or tree of the Palinriis was 

 frequented by several specimens. I took two males of Tanicua halkanica 

 near Zebedani station, where I also saw Chnisop/ianKs tlwrsamoji. 

 Birsutina adiiietns var. ripartii was common to over 5000ft. ; it seems 

 a pretty wide-spread insect on the higher ranges. I have taken or 

 seen specimens from Afka, Jebel Sannin, The Cedars of Lebanon, 

 The Cedar Mountains (up to 9500ft.), Ain Zahalta, and Bludan. At 

 Beirut, in July, I had little time to collect, and was unlucky in my 

 attempts to find new ground. The "Dog River" glen was good as 

 ever. Leptosia dnapis was out there as usual in small numbers and 

 fresh, and I got specimens of Chopra matJiiaa, Ge<ji'nex noatradamns, 

 and Baoris zelleri — the latter, as usual, in damp, shady spots. It 

 seemed rare. At Aleih, in late July, I found only one place where 

 insects were at all common, viz., on a slope above the station covered 

 with trees and bushes. Otherwise the ground was unproductive, having 

 been cleared of scrub by the builders of " eligible summer residences " 

 for tired Beirutis, and being as baked as any desert. On this small 

 patch of scrub I took small Limenitis Camilla and Satyr us hennione 

 var. syriaca, Kpinephele lycaon, and a few of the commoner " blues," 

 Aricia astrarche, P. icarus, and Lanrpides boeticus. 



During the last few da.ys of July, the first three days of August, 

 and August 10th, I was at Ain Zahalta. Satyrus fatua var. sichaea, 

 a splendid specimen, was taken on the pine-trees near the village with 

 /S. herminne var. syriaca. E. lycaon, a fairly large form, occurred in 

 plenty with (Jnenonympha pamphilas var. t/iyrsides. Staudinger's 

 description in his catalogue, viz., "alls posterioribus supra subtusque 

 3-4 ocellis parvis nigris vel albo-pupillatis," seems to me to apply well 

 to nearly all the C. pampkilus of either brood that I have come across 

 in Syria, only the pupils of these eyespots are not so much white as 

 of a pale dull silvery colour. 



I found the cedars on the Jebel Zahalta (6000-6800ft. circ.) less 

 productive than on former occasions. I took there the usual moun- 

 tain insects, Aricia anteros var. crassipuncta, Thecla myrtale, PI. lycaon 

 var. libanotica, and Hipparclna pelopea. At the summit (circ. 7300ft.) I 

 took a good Papilio machaon. A more interesting species was a form of 

 Chrysophanus thetis, which I had previously supposed to be C. ochiwus. 

 It differs from the type in having some of the black spots on the 



