28 THE REPORT OF THE No. 19 



adapted as a remedy for the scale under other conditions, and hence was 

 abandoned. During the last few years new remedies have appeared and have 

 been remarkably successful. Probably the most effective of these is the lime- 

 sulphur wash. Various combinations of this wash have been tried, in order 

 to determine the most satisfactory remedy for the scale, from the standpoint 

 of both effectiveness and cheapness. 



The following are the formulae which have been usually adopted in On- 

 tario for the preparation of these different combinations of the lime-sulphur 

 wash : 



The Lime-Sulphur Wash (fire or steam boiled): 



Fresh lime 20 pounds. 



Sulphur (flowers) 15 pounds. 



Water 40 gallons. 



With warm water make the sulphur into a paste; put in the lime and 

 add about 15 gallons of warm water with stirring. The sulphur made into 

 a paste may be added after the lime has been slaked. Boil for an hour and 

 a half in a kettle or in a barrel with live steam. Make up to 40 gallons with 

 hot water; strain into spray tank and apply while warm. 



Some of our fruit-growers ootained excellent results by using larger 

 proportions of lime and sulphur to the barrel, namely, 35 of lime and 20 sul- 

 sulphur; 25 lime and 20 of sulphur. The time given to the cooking of the 

 lime-sulphur wash is quite different in different localities, and even by fruit- 

 growers in the same localities. In some cases the wash is boiled for an hour 

 and a half to two hours, in other cases it is boiled for one hour, and many 

 state that they have obtained good results by boiling for only one-half hour. 



Lime-sulphur Wash (self-cooked) : 



Formula No. 1 Recommended by Mr. A. N. Brown, Wyoming, Dela- 

 ware. 



35 pounds of best stone lime. 

 17 pounds flowers of sulphur. 

 40 gallons water. 



(1) Put the 17 pounds of sulphur into a vessel, add two gallons boiling 

 water, a little at a time, stirring vigorously all the while until a fine paste 

 is obtained. 



(2) Put the 35 pounds of lime in another vessel, large enough to hold 40 

 gallons, pour into this lime 12 gallons boiling water; now add the sulphur 

 paste previously prepared. Very quickly cover the barrel with a heavy bur- 

 lap sack, having placed an old hoe into it first ; now allow it to cook for 30 

 minutes. Do not stir, as that reduces the heat by letting in cold air, but 

 with the hoe raise it from the bottom occasionally so that it does not run 

 together and burn before the lime is thoroughly slaked. Nothing must be 

 done to interrupt the cooking process, as that would affect the final quality 

 of the wash. 



(3) After this mixture has cooked 30 minutes, add 28 gallons of warm 

 water, not necessarily boiling. Strain into the spray tank, and apply while 

 warm, as in this condition it will flow through the spray pump nozzles more 

 easily than when the wash gets cold. It will also remain in solution much 

 more thoroughly when it is warm than when it cools. 



Formula No. 2. 



25 pounds good stone lime. 

 20 pounds flowers of sulphur. 

 12^ pounds sal soda. 

 40 gallons water. 



