1906 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



yards away. Another thing- in connection with hogs, they are pretty good 

 scavengers. I have noticed hogs follow a caterpillar along the ground, and 

 wait until he had caught up and then eat it. They clean up the insects 

 very nicely. 



Dr. Fletcher: You mean pigs, not old hogs, do you not? 



Mr. Fisher : I mean growing pigs. 



Dr. Fletcher: Did you find that the pigs rooted too much? 



Mr. Fisher : No difficulty in that way. On different occasions the 

 orchard was sown with peas and before the peas were ripe the apples were 

 falling. The pigs not only ate the peas and apples, but plowed the ground 

 as well. 



Mr. T. D. Jarvis exhibited some apples that were affected by the cod- 

 ling-worm, and spoke first of the good work performed by woodpeckers in 

 puncturing the bark and extracting the larvae from their winter quarter*. 

 He then gave an outline of the life-history of the insect at Guelph, stating 

 that about fifteen per cent, of the first brood of worms pupate in the sum- 

 mer, and the moths that come from them produce a second brood. The 

 remainder pass over to the next year. There is thus at Guelph a very 

 limited second brood. 



Dr. Fletcher said that this percentage is very interesting as showing 

 that there is a small supplementary brood of fifteen per cent, at Guelph. The 

 locality is thus included in the western part of the Province where double- 

 brooding to some extent exists. At Ottawa the proportion of early maturing 

 moths is between two and five per cent., varying in different years. These 

 moths lay eggs and a few larvae come from them. In the country west of 

 Toronto — at Erindale on the Credit for instance — there are two regular 

 broods, and very few of the first brood pass through the winter as cater- 

 pillars, xuese variations in different parts of the country are points which 

 the Entomologist has to be on the watch for. He was much interested in 

 Mr. Jarvis's account of the value that he placed upon the work of wood- 

 peckers. 



Mr. Peart said : I have not been in the east, but in the western part 

 of the Province, along the Detroit River, and going through the Niagara 

 District, and also at Oakville, the Codling-worm was worse this year than 

 I have ever before seen it. No particular pains had been taken with spray- 

 ing as a rule, but in those sections where spraying was done at all carefully 

 and at the right time, there have been marked results. It was owing to the 

 scarcity of labor that spraying was not done. It is a very good object lesson 

 to notice the effect in the district where spraying was practised, and compare 

 it with those where it was neglected. 



Mr. Zavitz said that apple-growers in County of Durham had made 

 enquiries regarding an insect that attacked the calyx end of the apple, but 

 did not penetrate into the fruit. He wished to know whether there was any 

 other insect that did this, or was it the codling-worm? 



Dr. Fletcher replied that there are two other insects that attack the 

 apple — the Plum-moth Semasia prunivora, Walsh, called also the Lesser 

 Apple-worm m British Columbia, and a small caterpillar in the Province 

 of Quebec. The latter bores under the skin and works near the surface, 

 destroying the value of the apple for packing and shipment. 



Mr. Jarvis suggested that the insect referred to by Mr. Zavitz might 

 be the second brood of the Codling-moth, but Mr. Zavitz thought not, as it 

 simply worked around the head of the apple. 



Mr. Fisher : In regard to the right time to spray for Codling-moths, 

 Mr. Nash said that the bee people were very anxious that the prohibition 



