20 THE REPORT OF THE No. 19 



Mr. Caesar : Tlie orcliards in the Niagara district, tliat two years ago 

 were badly infested with Oyster-shell tjcale and were sprayed last year and 

 again this year with lime-sulphur, seem to be quite clear of this scale. 



Dr. Fletcher : Wherever an orchard is sprayed year after year with 

 lime-sulphur or even with Bordeaux mixture, the Oyster-shell scale grad- 

 ually ceases to trouble. I have always found, moreover, that the healthier 

 you can make your trees, the less likely are they to be badly attacked by 

 Oyster-shell scale. Lime-sulphur helps the tree to be healthy. 



Mr. Caesar : I found that in some orchards almost 50 per cent, of the 

 scales were parasitized by a tiny yellowish four-winged fly (a Chalcid). Mr. 

 Jarvis and I raised a number of these parasites this spring. 



Dr. Fletcher : I have seen a case where 80 per cent, were parasitized, 

 but I am sorry to say that the parasite does not work in all parts of the pro- 

 vince, as it is only locally abundant. 



Mr. Crow : Mr. Dempsey, of Trenton, thinks the parasite has controlled 

 the scale in his orchard. 



Mr. Jarvis : A fungus is also attacking the scale. It is of a pinkish 

 orange color, and probably is the same one that attacks San Jose scale. I 

 found it on some specimens of Oyster-shell scale sent to me recently. It is 

 also found at Guelph. 



Dr. Fletcher : That is very interesting. I have found this fungus in 

 one or two places but not in Ontario. If you possibly can you ought to try 

 to spread the fungus, Mr. Jarvis. Try inoculating oyster-shell scale and 

 San Jose with it in different orchards. Valuable results might possibly be 

 obtained, at any rate it is wise to try it. 



Mr. Jarvis : We have also found a tiny little mite that destroys the 

 eggs. I have seen the statement made that it does not destroy them, but my 

 experience, I think, justifies what I have said. The eggs where these mites 

 were found in the spring were nearly all destroyed, or in some cases were 

 brown in color and clearly never could hatch. In our class work, when exam- 

 ining the scales under the microscope, we have found a large number of scales 

 with these mites in them. 



Dr. Fletcher: We have then three friends to help us in fighting this 

 scale, namely, the four-winged chalcid fly, the mite, and the fungus. 



The Terrapin Scale. 



A very brief discussion of this much talked of scale (Eulecamum nigro- 

 fasciatum) took place : 



Dr. Fletcher : Have any of you had definite information that a satis- 

 factory remedy for the Terrapin scale has been discovered? 



Mr. Jarvis : I have not seen the results of any work on the scale further 

 than the statement that lime-sulphur would not kill it. 



No one else had any experience with remedies to relate, so Dr. Fletcher 

 said that he had been informed, or had seen a statement that kerosene emul- 

 sion utterly failed to kill the insect. 



Dr. Bethtjne : The scale has only been reported from three places in 

 Ontario, viz., Walkerville, Windsor and St. Catharines. It does not seem 

 to be spreading. Only maple trees were attacked. 



Dr. Fletcher: What remedy did you recommend? 



Dr. Bethtjne: I recommended that the trees shoud be cut down and 

 burned, which was accordingly done. 



