62 THE REPORT OF THE No. 19 



pies from Collingwood, sent by tliis department to Washington, and thought 

 by the authorities there to belong to this species, should prove to be really 

 such, the scale is capable of doing great injury to the trees it attacks. The 

 poplars and willows at Collingwood on which it was found were very thickly 

 covered, and were dying, apparently from the effects of the scale. 



The adult female scale is larger than any other species of Aspidiotus 

 described in this paper, averaging almost 3 mm. in diameter. It is circu- 

 lar or nearly circular in outline, very flat for its size, resembles closely the 

 color of the bark it is on, being usually a pale grayish brown. The exuviae are 

 usually eccentric and are orange or reddish in color, though often this color 

 is partly concealed by a waxy secretion. 



Though the adult female of this scale is easily distinguished from the 

 San Jose by its large size and reddish eccentric exuvise, yet the winter stage 

 of some specimens we have received is with great difficulty distinguished 

 from the winter stage of the San Jose. The chief points of distinction seem 

 to be : (1) The winter stage of the Walnut scale is a little larger than that of 

 the San Jose; (2) Even in these winter scales, the reddish exuviae can often 

 be seen with the aid of a lens although a waxy secretion almost conceals it. 

 In the San Jose scale this reddish color does not appear. 



We have very little knowledge of the life-history of this scale. From 

 specimens we have seen this autumn it seems to pass the winter for the most 

 part in an immature stage. It does not bring forth its young alive but lays 

 eggs. There is probably more than one brood in a season. 



The scale has been found only at Grimsby and Collingwood (?) 



The host plants so far discovered in Ontario are apple, willow and 

 poplar. 



Remedies : 



The same remedies should be used as for the San Jose scale. 



We have not been able to observe what natural enemies this scale has. 



The Putnam Scale, Aspidiotus ancylus, (Put.) Fig. 23.- 



Fig. 23. Anal plate of the Putnam Scale, showing the unequal thickenings in first 

 incision, the rudimentary second lobe, and the wide interval between median and 

 second lobes. 



The Putnam scale is distributed fairly widely throughout Ontario. It 

 has not, however, been known to do much damage in the province although 

 in some of the states across the boundary it is said to have been quite de- 

 structive. 



The adult female scale is usually more nearly oblong than circular, 

 about 1.5 mm. long, 1-1.3 mm. wide, and slightly convex. The general 

 color is greyish black, varying somewhat with the color of the bark it is 

 on. The exuvial part is eccentric and practically always red or reddish. 

 Sometimes this red color is obscured by a whitish film which can easily be 

 rubbed off. 



This scale can be easily distinguished from the San Jose by its oblong 

 shape and the red eccentric exuviae. It has the peculiarity of producing 

 in a small degree the purplish color so characteristic of the San Jose scale. 



