H. WORMALD 177 



sented by three hills {i.e. two of the hills were obtaiued by planting 

 cuttings taken from the third, so that all three are of the same clone 

 in those cases where the original hill is known to be a seedling), 

 and seven by two hills each, similarly obtained. The remainder are 

 not known to have any direct vegetative connection with each other 

 in their own generation, and it may be that each is the sole representative 

 in the garden of a seedling plant; they include, however, four raised 

 from cuttings obtained from Oregon which are indistinguishable from 

 one another. The number of individual seedlings represented in the 

 hills selected is therefore reduced to about 80, including 53 which have 

 been raised as seedlings in the College nursery. The advantage derived 

 from having two or three hills of one plant in different parts of the 

 garden is, that the limits of variation in those characters which are 

 influenced by environmental factors can be determined with a greater 

 degree of accuracy. 



Prof. J. Percival in his Agricultural Botany writes^ : "It is somewhat 

 curious that, although female seedhngs show considerable variation, 

 we have never seen any morphological differences among males, no 

 matter what their origin, except in one or two solitary instances where 

 the 'bines' were a paler colour than usual." Reference has already 

 been made to these words by Mr Salmon, who says^ : " This statement 

 is somewhat misleading, since we find in the forms, or varieties, of the 

 male hop quite as much variation in such characters as the colour 

 of the stem and petioles, length of the lateral branches, and in other 

 vegetative characters as in the female hop-plant." The object of the 

 present paper is to present a detailed account of observations which 

 warrant this conclusion. 



The hills examined (120 in number and representing, as noted 

 above, about 80 plants) showed variation in the characters set out 

 below. The investigations have extended over three seasons, so that 

 in some cases (i.e. where one individual plant has been grown in three 

 hills) it has been possible to make nine observations of any one particular 

 character. The system of training the hops adopted in the nursery 

 where all these males are grown is that known as the "Butcher 

 System 3." 



&* 



1 Loc. cit. 4tli Edit. 1910, p. 346. 



- Journal of Genetics, Vol. m. No. 3, Feb. 1914. Footnote on p. 195. 



^ A description of this system of training liops is to be found in an article on "Hop 

 Cultivation" by Mr A. Amos in the Journal of lite Board of Agriculture, Feb. 1910, Vol. xvi. 

 with figures on p. 891. 



