808 ON THE EUROPEAN SPECIES OF FESTUCA. 



Jan., emend. ; F. calabrica, Hiiter. ; F. pulcheJla, Schracl. ; F. 

 pseudo-eskid, Boiss. 



Sect. V. Sc.\Rios.E. — Vaginae non incrassat*. Ligulae elongata?, 

 acutse, exauhculatffi. Laminae planae v. subconvolutpe, veruatione 

 conduplicata. Spiculae ellipticfe ; gliimae fertiles apice margini- 

 busque ad 4 scariosae, fructiferag valde involutae. Ovarium pyri- 

 forme, vertice liispidulnm, stylis terminalibus. Caryopsis obovato- 

 oblonga, ventre late-caniculata, pales arete adhaerens, macula 

 liilari lanceolata dimidia caryopside breviori notata. 



F. (/rmiatensis, Boiss. 



Sect. VI. MoNTAN.E. — Vagina basi non incrassatae. Ligulae 

 truncate, exauriculat*. Laminae j)lanae, veruatione convoluta. 

 SjJiculs ellipticas. Glum* fertiles angustissime scarioso-marginatae, 

 fructifertB laxe involute. Ovarium obovato-oblongum, vertice 

 liispidulum, stylis subterminalibus. Caryopsis oblonga, libera v. 

 basi paleae adhasrens, ventre plana exsulca v. subsulcata, macula 

 hilari lineari dimidiam caryopsidem squante v. subsuperante 

 notata. 



F. montana, M. Bieberst. ; F. sylvatica, Vill. 



Figures are given illustrating tlie ovary and caryopsis of most 

 of the sections. 



It has already been noticed that F. pilosa, Hall, is excluded, from 

 its hilum being oblong-punctiform, and is referred to Poa. F. 

 oraria, Dumort, F. arenaria, Osb., is ranked as subvar. arenaria of 

 var. yenuina of subsp. eu-ruhra of sp. F. rubra. F. pumila, Vill., is 

 ranked as subsj). puwila of F. varia, along with six other subspecies, 

 two of which are F. esJda, Ram., and F. jiavescens, Bell. F. 

 duriuscula, ranked as a subsp. of F. rubra by Syme, is ranked by 

 Prof. Hackel as subvar. vuJyaris of subsp. eu-rubra of F. rubra. 

 F. valedaca, Koch, is ranked as var. valesiaca of subsp. sulcata of F. 

 ovina. F. mdu/esta, Boiss., is ranked as subsp. indbjesta oi F. ovina. 

 F. Hystrix, Boiss., given by Nyman and also by Willk. as a var. of 

 the F. indiyesta, Boiss., is again raised to the rank of a species by 

 Prof. Hackel. I give the above instances as examples of Prof. 

 Hackel's naming, but I should at the same time state that in order 

 to avoid the cumbersomeness which would attach to the above way 

 of writing the name of a variety or subvariety Prof. Hackel would 

 write F. oraria, Dumort., thus — F. rubra subvar. or s.v. arenaria. 

 F. pumila, Vill., he would write — F. varia subsp. or sp. pumila, &c. 



An analytical table of species is given at the end of the work ; 

 also, analytical tables of the subspecies, where these are numerous, 

 are also given in the body of the work. I should not omit to notice 

 that the sections are only given by Prof. Hackel as applying to the 

 European Fescues ; he does not consider his acquaintance with 

 extra-European species as sufficient to warrant their being applied 

 more generally, otherwise he would have ranked them and named 

 them as subgenera. 



Time only will prove whether Prof. Hackel be correct in 



