114 ABSTRACTS 



INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 

 Under Supervision of A. I. Kendall 



A Study of the Bacteria of Normal and Decayed Teeth. I. J. Kligler, 

 Material collected from deposits on teeth of 40 individuals was 

 studied with the object of determining the numbers and types of 

 bacteria found in such deposits, normally and at various stages of 

 decay. Twenty specimens were taken from healthy teeth in mouths 

 of different states of cleanliness, and twenty from carious teeth in differ- 

 ent degrees of decay. The complete results of this investigation were 

 published in The Journal of the Allied Dental Societies, 1915, vol. x, 

 pp. 141-166, 282-330 and 445-458. 



Bacterium pyogenes Associated with a Case of Multiple Arthritis in a 



Hog. Archibald R. Ward. 



The writer pointed out that polyarthritis of swine is a condition 

 frequently encountered in postmortem inspection of meat. A case 

 showing various stages of articular involvement from the early stages 

 of synovitis to later stages showing erosion of articular cartilage, exos- 

 tosis and anchylosis of the joints was subjected to bacteriological and 

 pathological examination. Bacterium pyogenes was isolated in pure 

 culture by the method suggested by Ktinnemann. This consists of 

 employing agar to which has been added about 30 per cent of sterile 

 raw cattle serum, just previous to pouring the plates. The organism 

 was also isolated from three abscesses near a joint. The walls of two 

 of these abscesses were in contact with the synovial membrane. The 

 abscesses contained an odorous pus greenish yellow in color. 



The synovial membrane was highly reddened and was covered with 

 vegetations in the form of minute vascularized tufts or tassels. Sec- 

 tions of the membrane stained by the Gram method showed organisms 

 similar to Bacterium pyogenes within certain cells. 



The organism in question has been found by European investigators 

 to be very frequently encountered in chronic suppurative conditions 

 in both cattle and swine, observations that have been confirmed by 

 the present writer. 



Spirochaeta Hyos. — Its Antigenic Value in Complement Fixation Tests 

 on Hog Cholera Sera. Studies on Hog Cholera. Walter E. King 

 AND R. H. Drake. 



With antigen prepared from pure cultures of Spirochaeta hyos, 115 

 complement fixation tests have been conducted up to the present time. 

 Of these, 22 tests were with normal hog sera from 10 different animals, 

 1 from an animal which exhibited a reaction only following inoculation 

 with virus, 6 tests from 2 convalescent or naturally immune swine, 

 84 tests with sera from 34 animals suffering from hog cholera (4 of 

 which had been used as normals) and one test each with 2 different lots 

 of hyperimmune serum. Negative readings occurred in all cases in 

 which normal hog sera were subjected to complement fixation tests. 



