384 ABSTRACTS 



half of the dinical bronchopneumonias fell in Group IV. The mor- 

 tality rate according to groups was as follows: Group I, 9 per cent.; 

 Group II, 36 per cent.; Group III, 25 per cent.; and Group IV, 21 per 

 cent. Eleven strains of pneumococci taken from the throats of children 

 showing no lung involvement fell in Group IV. — L. W. F. 



PALEONTOLOGY 



Mesozoic Pathology and Bacteriology. Roy L. Moodie. (Science, 



1916, 43, 425-426.) 



Attention is called to this rather unusual, though fascinating and 

 important branch of bacteriology. The author feels that we have 

 convincing proof of the existence of fungi and bacteria in coprolites, 

 and of pathologic conditions in various fossil tumors and fractures. 

 — C. M. H. 



PLANT PATHOLOGY 



Further Studies in the Role of Insects in the Dissemination of Fire Blight 

 Bacteria. V. B. Stewart and M. D. Leonard. (Phytop. 1916, 

 152-158.) 



From observations made throughout several seasons the writers 

 believe that all the sucking bugs of the nursery bear infection. Experi- 

 ments were conducted by caging upon trees insects which had on their 

 bodies organisms from a pure culture of Bacillus amylovorus. The 

 various species of flies are thought not to be active agents in transmit- 

 ing infection though they may be important in carrying the organism 

 to blossoms or to wounds. The experiments included the following 

 suspected carriers: Pollenia rudis, Empoasca mali, Psylla pyricola, 

 Plagiognathus politus, Sapromyza hispina. — F. L. S. 



Citrus Canker. F. A. Wolf. (J. Agr. Res. 6, 69-99.) 



A serious citrus disease has recently been introduced into the Gulf 

 States, known as citrus canker. The primary cause is Ps. citri Hasse, 

 an organism with a single flagellum, shown by the writer to have the 

 group number Ps. 221. 3332513. It attacks both twigs and leaves. 

 Fungi of the genera Phoma, Fusarium and Gleosporium have been found 

 associated with this organism, although the Phoma is the only one 

 found to be notably active in disintegration of the tissues. The only 

 method of control recommended is by means of quarantine and thorough 

 destruction of diseased trees. — H. J. C. 



