1876.] 161 



rate, rounded at the apex. A diamond-shaped, shining, chocolate-eolouved plate 

 occupies the apical third, and the vestiges of a plate covering the rest of the segment 

 are apparent in two longitudinal patches on each side of the anterior angle of the 

 diamond. Near the posterior angle are two short horn-like points, divergent and 

 curved upwards, each with three or four brown hairs. Apex of the horns black. 

 Anterior, and a little exterior to the base, of the horns, are tlie large, oval, black 

 spiracles. The under surface of the segment is convesly rounded, with, near the 

 anterior marghi, a fleshy oval proleg, in the centre of which is the anal opening. 

 Round the margin is a double scries of corneous points, and a V-sliaped line of similar 

 points is situated on each side, and attached by one ai-m of the V to the oval circlet 

 of points ; the open end of the V faces forward. 



The pupa is cylindrical, slightly narrower in front and tapering behind. Dirty 

 yellowish -ochreous in colour (ochreous-olive, darker at the sides, and head and 

 thorax shining blackish-brown before the exclusion of the imago). Head, thorax, 

 and appendages not very separable. Head situated in front of thorax ; hind-margia 

 deeply bisinuate. In front of the head are two "respiratory tubes;" these are 

 joined together at the base for a short distance, and are then abruptly (at right 

 angles) bent outward and slightly downward ; below they are joined to the head for 

 a short way by a thin membrane ; below them two tubercles represent (perhaps) 

 the antennae-covers. From the head there arises behind on each side a semi-circular 

 row of long, curly, pale brown hairs. 



Thorax : the leg-coverings lie pai'allel to each other, between the wing-covers, 

 which are of the same length as the third pair of legs, and show the nervurcs. 



The spiracles (one on each side of thorax and of the first seven segments of the 

 liind-body) are prominent and truncate at the apex, which is hour-glass shaped, but 

 cleft to the base at the middle of the anter-or side. Hind-body with eight well- 

 mai'ked segments (the last segment consisting perhaps of two united segments). 

 Round each of the first seven segments runs, near tlie hind margin, a row of long 

 brown, spiny hairs ; a short, stout spine within and below the base of the spiracles ; 

 and below that again is a slightly-curved impressed line, running longitudinally 

 across the segment, and a similar line on the outer side ; and on the ventral surface 

 an impressed line runs obliquely from the longitudinal lateral line to the posterior 

 ridge, and beai's short, flat, triangular spines. Eighth segment some\v'hat quadrate, 

 with d conical end. Above, at the base of the cone, is a semi-circle of spines, of which 

 the end ones are largest and situated on a tubercle. The cone terminates in two 

 conical, spiny points ; below, at the base of these two conical points, are two shining 

 callosities ; in front of them two others not so shining ; and in front again two more. 

 About the centre of the segment are two rugose tubercles, and near tlie edge of the 

 segment, on each side, a deep, longitudinal furrow. 



Length of $ five-eighths of an inch; ^ similar, but much more slender, and 

 length nearly half an inch. 



A day or two before the imago emerges the colour of tlie puparium is darker 

 and the hairs on the hind-body of the imago are so distinctly visible tliat they look 

 as if they were on the exterior surface of the puparium. 



Tlie larva lives beneath the bark of dead fir trees (Pinus 

 sylvestris) , where it feeds on other larva?. I once saw one with a 

 small yellowish dipterous larva impaled on the beak-like h«ad, and I 



