218 [March, 



GoDART. Hist. Nat. des Lepidopteres de Erance, iii. pp. 18, 19 ; 

 Paris, 1821—42. 



Passerini. Osservazioui sopra la Sphiux Atropos ; Pisa, 1828. 



Chavattn-es. Act. Soc. Helv. Sc. Nat. (17th Sess.) Geneve, 1832, pp. 



93, 94. 

 RocHEBRUNE. Act. Soc. Liiiii. Bordeaux, 1832, v, pp. 120 — 122, tab. 1. 

 BuRMEiSTER. Haudb. der Entomologie ; Berlin, 1832. 

 Yallot. L'Institut, 1834, ii, No. 34, p. 7. 

 Wagner. In Miiller's Archiv fiir Physiologie, iii, 183G. 

 DuGES. Traite de Pbysiologie comparee ; Montpellier, 1838, ii, p. 226. 

 NoRUMANN. Bull. Acad. St. Petersburg, 1838, iii, pp. 164—193. 

 DupoNCHEL and Guerin. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1839, viii, pp. 59—65. 

 Goureau. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1840, ix, pp. 125 — 128. 

 Aricot. „ „ „ „ ser. 2, 1843, i, bull. p. 50. 



Ghiliani. „ „ „ „ „ 1844, ii, „ pp. 72 — 75. 



Paris. „ „ „ „ „ 1846, iv, „ pp. 96 & 112. 



Landois. Zeitscbr. fiir wissensch. Zoologie, xvii, 1848. 

 Van DER HoETEN. Tijdscbr. Ent. Nederl.Vereen., 1859, ii, pp. 117-122. 

 Westmaas. Tijdscbr. Ent. Nederl. Vereen., 1860, iii, pp. 120—124. 



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16 & 17. 

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Tatlor. „ November 20, 1865. 



Preston. 

 MosELEY. Nature, vi, 1872, pp. 151—153. 



Many questions arise in weigbing the evidence adduced by these 

 authors, such as : is the sound emanating from this moth really due to 

 friction or expiration ? or, does it proceed from the head or the hase of 

 the abdomen ? But these, and many more may, I think, be subordinated 

 to the zoological query ; may it be termed a species of striduhition as 

 defined by Goureau, Annales de la Soc. Ent. de France, 1837, p. 31 

 (Entomological Magazine, January, 1838, p. 89, &c.), and is an organism 

 representing the lima and clasp implicated in its production ? Now, 

 Dr. H. Landois, as may be seen from his pamphlet, "Die Tou-und 

 Stimmapparate der Insecten," published at Leipzig in 1867, a reprint 

 from the Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftl. Zoologie, xvii, has investi- 

 gated the matter in this light (see pp. 55 — 58), and he, after remarking 

 a motion of the palpi in connexion with the sound, submitted one of 

 these organs to the microscope, when he found the crescent-shaped 

 excavation on the inner side of the first joint of the palpus that 

 receives the haustellum when coiled or depressed, indurated and 



