PITCHER OF CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS. 3 



considered doubtful, seeing that similar glands occur on both sur- 

 faces of the non-ascidiform leaves and all over the outside of the 

 pitcher. They are somewhat yellow in colour. 



C. Cornif/atcd Film of Pitcher. — The structure here is remark- 

 ably like that in Nepenthes, the cells being considerably indurated 

 and somewhat elongated, and the surface x^resenting transverse 

 arch-like ledges extending between adjoining cells. As already 

 mentioned, small six-celled glands occur here. 



D. Conductimj Shelf. — Here the epidermis-cells are produced 

 on their free surface into downward- directed hairs. On the inner 

 surface of the XDitcher-lid the downward bulging of the cells has 

 been already mentioned. These bulgings become more and more 

 pronounced towards the base of the lid, and a gradual passage is 

 to be noted from the slight bulgings above to the pronounced 

 hair-like projections on the shelf below. The epidermis-cells of 

 the outer or concealed surface of the shelf are likewise produced 

 into downward-directed hairs, except along the line of reflection 

 (Fig. 1, a.-) from this to the glandular surface of the inside of the 

 pitcher where the hairs come to stand at right angles to the surface. 

 Here each epidermis-cell is seen to be produced in its middle into 

 an acuminate conical hair, from the base of which superficial 

 ridges extend, one to each of the adjoining haks. The superficial 

 ridges thus map out the surface into triangular spaces, and a most 

 remarkable and beautiful arachnoid appearance is presented. 

 Similar ridges appear to connect the bases of neighbouring hairs 

 on the other portions of the shelf; but from the appression of 

 these hairs, the ridges are not so apparent : and even in the 

 epidermis-cells of the inner surface of the lid the delicate striae 

 have frequently a tendency to form groups passing from the apex 

 of one cell to those of neighbouring ones. 



E . UjyjJ^r 'portUm of secretimj Inner Surface of Pitcher (all above 

 the coloured patches). Here the epidermis is covered by a strong 

 glassy cuticula which is apparently elastic, as it is often to be 

 seen rolled back from the subjacent epidermis-cells when it happens 

 to become cracked. The epidermis- cells are moderately thickened 

 with wavy, somewhat indented or crenated, outline. Scattered 

 over this surface are numerous glands of considerable size, each 

 consisting of an ovoid mass of cells (in longitudinal section are 

 seen, say 30 to 40 cells) imbedded in the subepidermal parenchyma, 

 from the cells of which they are to be distinguished by their com- 

 paratively dense proto^^lasm, by the absence of chlorophyll, and 

 often by theii* smaller size. The small ends of these ovoid glands 

 bulge slightly upon the surface where they are not covered with 

 epidermis. These glands do not appear to have any special 

 relation to the vascular bundles, in this respect differing remark- 

 ably from the " j)eptic" glands of Nepenthes. 



F. Lateral Coloured Patches. — These evidently constitute the 

 most specialised portion of the secreting apparatus . The epidermis - 

 cells here are much smaller than those of the upper secreting 

 surface, and, for the most part,' are angular instead of wavy in out- 

 line. They are filled with deep crimson fiuid. Thickly scattered 



