NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 155 



them ; that the form of the cohimella is conical and slender (not 

 globular), and that this organ has a different history subsequent to 

 escape of the spores ; that the membrane of the sjDores is not 

 cuticularised and coloured ; and that the zygospores have a Phyco- 

 myces-^iQ mvestment. The author finds that if a spore is ke^Dt in 

 a nutritive medium it produces a mycelium ; placed in a moist 

 atmosphere, after havuig attained a certain size under proper 

 nutrimental conditions, it gives origin directly to a sporange, without 

 forming any mycelium. The zygospore behaves in a similar maner : 

 these organs may sometimes, it was observed, be borne on the 

 parabolic stolons. 



Asexual spores, similar to the zygospores, are sometimes pro- 

 duced by a parthenogenetic process ; these the author terms a zygo- 

 spores. The curving of the stolons is held to result from the 

 contiguity of a foreign body, this tendency being distinguished as 

 positive somatropism. 



Below is the author's tribual arrangement of the group. 



Mucorinem. 



/heterogeneous, i. e. formed of 

 No stylospores. A colu- an upper cuticularised hood 



mella in the sporange,^ and a lower diffluent zone. Pilobolecs. 

 the membrane of which \ homogeneous, either all en- 

 is I tirely persistent or all dif- 



^ fluent MucorecB. 



Stylospores present. No f spherical and isolated . . . Mortierellece. 

 columella in the spo- -j cylindric and grouped in ca- 

 range, which is ... i pitula Syncephalidece. 



S. M. 



Die Pilze des Wdnstockes. G. Felix von Thumen. Vienna, 1878. 

 (pp. 225, with 5 plates). 



This monograph of the Fungi of the Vine is a work of interest 

 not only to the scientific botanist, but also, though perhaps in a 

 lesser degree, to all our cultivators. It contains an enumeration 

 of some two hundred and twenty species of Fungi which occur 

 upon the Vine, its leaves, fruit, stems, branches and roots, in 

 various parts of the world. It treats of the Fungi found upon the 

 following nine species of Vitis, viz. : V. vinifera, L. (150) ; F. La- 

 hrusca, L. (54) ; V. mtivalis, Mchx. (13) ; F. vulpina, L. (7) ; F. 

 riparia, Mchx. (3) ; F. cordifolia, Mchx. (8) ; F. rotundifolia, Mchx. 

 (2) ; F. candicans, Engelm. (1) ; V. syJcestris, Gmel. (2). Of the 

 nineteen Fungi affecting the Grape itself, Oidium Tuckeri is of 

 course the most important in a practical point of view. Baron 

 Thiimen appears to follow Fuckel in regarding it as the conidial 

 form of Spharotheca castcajnei, Lev., and therefore distinct from the 

 American Erysijjhe nectator, Schw., which species does not seem to 

 have been recorded since Schweinitz's time ; while it is classed by 

 Dr. Cooke, in ' The Erysiphei of the United States,' with the 

 " species dubiae." The author also considers it unconnected with 



