186 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 



on the American flora, scattered as it is through a very large 

 numher of Government reports, separate papers, and catalogues. 



" The territory embraced includes Greenland and the Arctic 

 coast upon the north, and the borders of Mexico closely adjacent 

 to the United States on the south, the habitat in the latter case 

 being always indicated. For the flora of the region to the west of 

 the Mississix3pi and northward, the citation of authorities is 

 intended to be full and complete. The same may be said (with 

 some unimportant exceptions) for the Atlantic States prior to 1840, 

 the date of the conclusion of the first volume of Torrey & Graj^'s 

 * Flora of North America.' For the subsequent i)eriod the XDublica- 

 tions of Torrey, Gray, and Chapman have been deemed sufficient 

 in most cases. Others are referred to whenever there is special 

 reason for so domg." 



The literature referred to is by no means confined to books 

 dealing with the North American flora exclusively, but embraces 

 all botanical works bearing upon or giving information about the 

 species. Plates and figures are printed in a different type. The 

 synonymy is copious, and properly arranged chronologically ; 

 moreover it has been carefully revised, and has the value of an 

 original contribution to critical systematic botany. 



It is convenient to English botanists to find the Orders arranged 

 after Bentham & Hooker's " Genera Plantarum." (We find, how- 

 ever, ParoyiycMece included, which those authors place in ApetalcE.) 

 Under each Order the genera and species are i^laced alphabetically, 

 and at the end of the larger genera cross-references are given. 



The labour mvolved in the compilation of such a book must 

 have been immense ; and the author, who has little other reward, 

 deserves and should receive the gratitude and hearty thanks of all 

 who follow him for one of the best-planned and best executed 

 books of its class, and one which is absolutely indispensable to 

 everyone who has to work at North American botany. 



This first volume extends to 470 pages, and includes 3038 species. 

 The accurate printing of such a mass of figures and abbreviations 

 is most creditable to the Cambridge Press. H. T. 



La Morfologia Ve/jetale. Esposta da T. Caruel. Pisa, 1878. 

 (8vo., pp. 434, with 87 figures in the text.) 

 This short introduction to morphological botany follows the 

 course of the author's lectures in the University of Pisa. It will 

 be found to difi'er considerably m arrangement from other books of 

 similar scope, and appears to treat a well-worn subject with 

 freshness and originality. Prof. Caruel insists first on the distinc- 

 tion of the thallus and the cormus, — the latter a term with which 

 we are familiar only in the compound word cormophyte, — and then 

 reviews the varieties of size, form, structure, and development of 

 each type. The reproductive processes of thallophytes and cormo- 

 phytes foUow. The two concluding chapters are occupied with 

 the consideration of the succession of form, of heterogenesis, 

 dichogamy, hybridism, evolution and similar topics, and with 



