64 [March, 



which I think in my experience are at the end of May and beginning of June, 

 as full, or even more full of larva- of the Hyhernias, Cheimatolias, &g., as any 

 of the trees in the wood, it seems impossible that they could have got there in 

 any other way. It certainly could not have been done by scent, as larvae from 

 tlie trees in the wood wovild not pupate many yards from where they had fed, 

 and if there were any scent at all for the moth on emergence, it would clearly 

 be much stronger from the many near trees than from the isolated biish in the 

 distance. I admit that I have no remembrance of ever having captured on the 

 wing a male carrying an apterous or semi-apterous female, but it is compara- 

 tively rarely that the Hylernidx and allied moths are captured on the wing at 

 all at night, it being so much easier to collect them with the aid of a lamp as 

 they sit on the trees and bushes after dark. But we have all seen Pieridse 

 flying paired for long distances, and the smaller butterflies on shorter flights 

 among their food-plants. I think, too, that I have often seen day-flying 

 Geometers, such as Fidonia atomaria, flying in the same way ; and to net 

 Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera paired are common occur- 

 rences. On such flights evidently the wings of only one of the specimens ai'e 

 used, and granting that they may usually be those of the female, there is no 

 reason to suppose that in cases where the females are apterous the males would 

 not use their wings with eqiial facility. The only British species of apterous 

 females I remember which would probably be too heavy for their males to 

 carry are the Orgyias, and they, along with the species of Psyche, we know do 

 not even leave their cocoons to deposit their eggs; but the males of all the 

 species of Hyhernia, Anisopteryx, Cheimatobia, Phigalia, Nyssia, Leninatophila, 

 Exapate, Dhirnea, Sec, with their ample wings, would have no difficulty when 

 paired in carrying their females for considerable distances, and leaving them 

 on young or new trees on fresh ground.^GEO. T. Porkitt, Elm Lea, Dalton, 

 Huddersfleld : February 5th, 1913. 



A note on the emergence of Phlceodes crenana, Hb. — As this species seems to 

 be rare everywhere in the United Kingdom it may be worth while to record the 

 breeding of two specimens on Avxgust 20th and 23rd, 1912, from larvae collected 

 in June on sallow near Elterwater, Westmorland. Barrett ("Lep. British 

 Islands," vol. XI, p. 100) gives March and April as dates, and says that " abroad 

 there are said to be later emei-gences in July, August, and September." As last 

 season was certainly not a fine or warm one, I think it probable the insect is also 

 regularly double-brooded in England. I may add the specimens were submitted 

 to Mr. A. C. Vine for identification. — Jas. W. Corder, 1, Ashbrook Terrace, 

 Sunderland: January 21st, 1913. 



Wasp attaclcing Peacock butterfly. — With reference to Mr. Croft's note on 

 p. 13 (not p. Ill as in Index) of last year's volume of this Magazine, it may be 

 worth recording that on October 13th I saw a specimen of Vanessa io flopping 

 about helplessly on the lawn. Thinking it might have been seized by a spider 

 I hastened to catch it. As I did so a wasp detached itself and flew away. The 

 butterfly also flow away apparently uninjui-ed. — F. Jenkinson, Cambridge .- 

 January I7th, 1913. 



