1 22 [June, 



habits of some species have not altered in the least degree ; thus 

 Satyr us fidia, L., comes down in numbers from the upper slopes of 

 the Eoek at about 3 p.m., when the Europa main road is watered, 

 just as it did 24 years ago, but apparently a month later in the season. 

 Also Euchloe euphenoid,es, Stand., although plentiful on the Spanish 

 side of the Straits, has failed to establish itself on the African side, 

 whilst its near relative, E. eupheno, L., keeps to the African side, never 

 being seen in Spain. Many species, of course, are common to both 

 sides of the Straits. 



I would warn any intending collectors in this region, if they go to 

 the vicinity of the Cork Woods during the spring time, or rutting 

 season, to ascertain whether there are any stray " Toros bravos," 

 or savage bulls, roaming at large ; unless, indeed, they are armed 

 with something more formidable than the stick of a butterfly net. 

 Three companions and myself had a rather unpleasant experience 

 there on April 21st, 1912. We came upon a clearing in the woods at 

 one end, with three massive wild bulls suddenly confronting us at the 

 other. We found out afterwards that these had escaped from the 

 main herd of fighters, specially bred for the bull-ring, and had done 

 some damage during the few days preceding our visit. These bulls, 

 evidently thinking they had a better right to the woods than we had, 

 and probably taking the waving about of our nets as a challenge, 

 charged down upon us with heads lowered and tails erect. We, 

 fortunately, were able to dodge them behind trees, owing to the fact, 

 I am told, that these creatures close their eyes when charging, and we 

 eventually got away safely after doing a record sprint over two hills 

 and across country, so as to be well out of the sight of the long-homed 

 bi'utes. Unfortunately, the trees thereabouts ai'e unclimable, the 

 trunks being too large to clasp, and the lower branches are cut off to 

 improve the cork. Later in the day we had a similar experience with 

 two more bulls of a so-called " domesticated " breed. 



If you happen to go to Tangier during the Mohammedan month of 

 " Ramadan," it is as well to be patient with the natives, for during 

 this time they are compelled to abstain from food, drink, and smoking 

 vmtil the middle of the night, when eating, etc., takes the place of 

 sleeping. This discipline makes them very surly and disobliging, and 

 one is naturally likely to resent such behaviour by rough words or 

 impatient gestures. The first time I stayed in Tangier was during 

 " Ramadan," in September, 1910, when my friend Lieut. Lovell, A.S.C., 

 and I went tiiere to try for Charaxes jasius. Wanting some rotten 

 figs for bait, we went to a fruit stall in the Sok (Market) and asked 



