142 f'""^' 



— Wings with the margins and the 1st medial cell clear, or only faintly 



infnscated 2. 



2. cJ c? with abdomen for the most part pale brownish yellow... 



Y varieties oi fetnorata. 

 (Some such specimens Konow named for me " caprese, Knw., var.," 

 others "femorata var.," others " fagi var." I But I see no 

 positive character to separate them by.) 



— S S with abdomen fuscous or violaceous; or $ ? with abdomen yellow, 



and more or less opaque 3. 



3. Attached to Alder. S very larg'e ; body black with a distinct tinge of 



violet ; wings almost clear, glassy with a slight bluish iridescence ; 1st 

 median cell quite unclouded. ? witli the intermediate and apical dorsal 

 plates of the abdomen almost entirely occupied by very broad pale yellow 

 transverse bands, the extreme base of each segment is fuscous, but the 

 fasciae themselves are quite uninterrupted, and not - as in the next species 

 — encroached upon by a darker (subtriangular) incision in the central part 

 of their basal margin connata, Schrank. 



— Attached to Willows. J smaller than connata, and without the strong 



violaceous tinge; difficult to separate from dark <? g oi femorata, except 

 that the wings are less distinctly clouded, though they are more so than 

 those of co7inata. ? very like connata $ , but with the (rather darker 

 and more opaque) yellow bands on the intermediate abdominal segments 

 each (n.b.) excised triangularly in the middle of its basal margiji. (Both 

 in this species and connata the ? wings have a yellow stain throughout, 

 while those of the c? c? are glassy and slightly iridescent.) ...lutea, L. 



NOTES. 



The ? saws of the above species appear to pi-esent good and reliable 

 characters, though they are minute and invisible withoiit high magnification. 

 Photographs of them have been published by K. Bisschop van Tuinen in the 

 Tijdschrift voor Entomologie XLVI, 1902 ; and I find the characters he indicates 

 present in my own specimens. The cutting edge of the so-called saw is studded 

 in all the spp. with a series of minute denticulated projections. These in lutea are 

 very small, much smaller than the intervals which separate them ; each is some- 

 what truncate at its apex, and shows only a feAv denticulations in its margin 

 (four or five, or even less !). In femorata the projections are much larger, quite as 

 large as the intervals between them ; they are not truncate, but evenly rounded 

 at the apex ; and the denticulations are far more numerous (circ. 20 to each 

 projection !) . Also the saw and its ' support ' are more strongly recurved at the apex 

 in femorata than in lutea; and the 'siipport'is much broader (lateral view) 

 near its apex than towards its base, while in lutea the ' support ' is nearly equally 

 broad throughout. The saw of connata is armed somewhat like lutea, the apices 

 of its projections being truncate ; but the projections themselves are much larger 

 and show more denticulations than in lutea, though in both these respects they 

 fall short of femorata. 



