116 THE JOURNAL OF BOTANY 



reluctance that I follow the received practice among botanists of 

 attributing it to myself, though there appears to be no way of 

 avoiding such action. Miller (Gard. Diet. ed. 8) was very nearly 

 first in the field with his name of A. personata; for his reference 

 to Yaillant, and that writer's further reference to a figure of 

 Lobel's, show that the present species was intended, as indeed is 

 pretty clear from Miller's remarks on its distribution. Typical 

 specimens of "A. intermedium" sent by Lange to Babington 

 correspond exactly to the British plant ; on the other hand, the 

 description and photograph of Lejeune's "A. nemorosum" seem 

 to be conclusive as to its being A. minus. A. macrosperma 

 Wallroth has by some authors been used for A. vulgare, but the 

 description in Linncea, xiv. 63 a is surely that of A. Lappa, 

 though by some confusion " Lappa major" is mentioned also. 



The so-called species "A. nemorosum" of British authors 

 generally — not necessarily of Continental — I sink to a subvariety, 

 as stated above, and for it I propose the name of pycnocephalum. 

 The mere fact of conglomerated heads, nearly but not truly sessile, 

 is not sufficient to characterize a valid species or even variety. 



The distribution of the different plants needs further investiga- 

 tion, and I hope to be able to do more work in that direction : 

 meanwhile, I should be most grateful for fruiting specimens from 

 the various counties, which may be fresh or dried, so long as they 

 are not pressed or in any way flattened. 



1. Arctium Lappa L. Sp. PI. 816 (1753), excl. var. (3; L. Flor. 

 Angl. 22 (1754) ; Miller, Gard. Diet. ed. 8, No. 1 (1768) ; 

 Willdenow, Sp. PI. iii. 1631 (1800) ; Babington in Ann. & 

 Mag. Nat. Hist. iv. 254 (1840); id. Man. Br. Bot. 171 

 (1843) ; Schinz und Keller, Fl. Schweiz. 569 (1909). 

 Lappa Arctium Hill, Veg. Syst. iv. 28, fig. 2 a, b (1761). 

 L. glabra Lamarck, Fl. France, ii. 37 (1778), excl. var. /3. 

 L. officinalis Allioni, Fl. Ped. i. 145 (1785), partim; Ascherson 



und Graebner, Fl. Nord. Flachl. 743 (1899). 

 L. major Gaertner, De Fruct. ii. 379, t. 162, fig. 3 (1789). 

 A. majus Bernhardi, Syst. Verz. Erf. i. 154 (1800) ; Schkuhr, 

 Bot. Handb. iii. 49 (1808) ; Fries, Fl. Suec. 264 (1828) ; 

 Wimmer et Grabowski, Fl. Siles. iii. 105 (1829) ; Babing- 

 ton, Man. Br. Bot. ed. 2, 182 (1847), including A. tomen- 

 tosum, id. in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, ser 2, xvii. 373 (1856), 

 including A. tomentosum,o^. cit. ser. 3, xv. 9 (1865); Rouy, 

 Fl. France, ix. 94 (1905). 

 L. macrosperma Wallroth in Linncea, xiv. 639 (1840), non v. 



Dalla Torre und v. Sarntheim. 

 L. vulgaris Williams, Prodr. i. 53 (1901), non Hill. 

 Icones.— Hill, ut supra; Reichenbach, Icon. xv. 54, t. 812, figs. 

 3-11, as L. officinalis ; Fl. Dan. t. 2423, as L. tomentosa, 

 t. 2424, as L. major: Syme, Eng. Bot. v. t. 699, as 

 A. majus. 



A. Lappa forma subtomentosum mihi. 



A. majus subvar. subtomentosum Legr. in Bull. Assoc. Fr. Bot. 

 ii. 69; Rouy, Fl. France, ix. 95 (1905). 



