THE BRITISH WILLOWS 17 



From Perthshire and Fifeshire southwards, probably always 

 planted ; sometimes grown as an osier, and know T n as " White 

 Dutch " ; local and not very common. Ireland, near Limerick ; 

 no doubt introduced. Probably rare in Europe (confused with 

 S. frag His) ; Germany. 



Only the 3 plant is known for certain in Britain ; Dr. F. B. 

 White (I.e. p. 351) claims the $ as British, but gives no locality. 

 His herbarium $ specimens are probably S. viridis, Fr., and his 

 description (p. 352) might be taken from specimens of S. viridis 

 also. He rightly identifies the S. fragilis var. porcellanea, 

 Baenitz, from Konigsberg with S. decipiens, Hoffm. ; and offers 

 a well-reasoned theory in favour of its hybrid origin from S. 

 fragilis and S. triandra, which is possibly the case, though not 

 without objections. Kerner distinguished three varieties of that 

 hybrid, viz., S. subtriandra, S. alopecuroides, and S. Kovatsii, but 

 S. fragilis subsp. decipiens agrees with none of these. 



iv. Alb^. 



4. Salix alba L. Sp. PI. 1021. Hoffm. Sal. I. 41. Wade 

 Essay, 400. Sm. in Eees Cycl. 140. Sm. Engl. Fl. iv. 233. 

 Wimmer, Sal. Eur. p. 16. Syme, E. B. viii. 211. Anderss. DC. 

 Prodr. xvi. (2) 211. B. White, Eevision, p. 370. Camus, Monogr. 

 Sal. p. 69. Seemen, iv. 78. 



Icon. Hoffm. Sal. tt. 7 and 8 ; t. 24 f. 3. E. Bot. t. 2430. 

 Forbes, Sal. Wob. t. 136. Kew Bulletin, No. 8 (1907) plate opp. 

 p. 313. Camus, Atlas, PL 2. 



Exs. Hb. Linn. Nos. 11 (1), 77, 105. Fries, Hb. Norm. i. 62. 

 Magnier, No. 2035. Leefe, Sal. Brit. exs. Nos. 56-59. Kerner, 

 Hb. CEsterr. Weiden, 18. Wimmer, Sal. Eelict. (Coll. Sal. 12 12b ; 

 Herb. Sal. 136). Billot, 847. E. F. & W. E. Linton, No. 3. 

 Toepffer, Nos. 1, 101-103, 146. 



A tree 30-80 ft. high, branches erect-ascending, forming a 

 narrow angle with the trunk (30°-50°), bark not rugged ; twigs 

 tough, not fragile at the base, silky-pubescent, at length glabrous ; 

 buds oblong-oval, pubescent often through the winter. Stipules 

 lanceolate, soon deciduous. Petioles rather short. Leaf-blades 

 2J-4 in. long, oblong to narrowly obovate lanceolate, evenly 

 acuminate or attenuate finely serrate, silkily pubescent, hairs 

 adpressed partially persistent. Catkins coeval with (or the $ 

 slightly preceding) the leaves, dense-flowered, on leafy peduncles, 

 their leaves entire ; bracts pale straw-yellow narrow oblong, hairy 

 or woolly towards the base, glabrous upwards outside ; $ l-lf m - 

 long, filaments hairy in the lower half; 2 elongate in fruit, 

 2-2£ in. long, becoming rather lax ; ovaries ovoid-conic, abruptly 

 obtuse, glabrous subsessile, the lower ones developing short 

 pedicels about as long as the quadrate nectaries ; stigmas sub- 

 sessile or with very short style, rather thick, deeply divided. 



5. alba has typically olive twigs, persistently clothed with 

 silky hairs on both sides. There are two forms or varieties. 



