48 THE BRITISH WILLOWS 



cilled "same as sphacelate, Fl. Brit., Cycl. 125," is entire-leaved 

 S. caprea. This remark is, I believe, in Smith's handwriting. 



A form has been found in E. Norfolk which has the leaves 

 softly pubescent only while young, the adult leaves being glabrous 

 and harsh to the touch beneath. Wimmer (I.e. p. 57), in mention- 

 ing leaf- variations, remarks, " in montanis saepe foliis subtus fere 

 glabris occurrit"; this, however, is not the case with plants on the 

 mountains of Britain. 



Gaudin (Fl. Helv.j describes /^ angustifolia, y rotundifolia and 

 S alpina, the last of which is said to be the same as S. sphacelata 

 Sm. ; Seringe (/. c.) gives ten or eleven varieties ; Seemen quotes 

 fj and y of Gaudin, and adds another which he named D. villosa, 

 from Asia, But none of the European forms seem to be well- 

 marked distinct varieties or worth retaining. 



S. caprea is indigenous and occurs in almost every county of 

 Great Britain, from the south coast to Sutherlandshire, also in 

 the Shetlands. Of no commercial value, it is rarely planted, but 

 makes itself at home on nearly any soil, usually on drier ground 

 than S. cinerea, in w ? oodland and hedgerow rather than by water, 

 at any elevation from near sea-level up to 2000 ft. in the High- 

 lands (exceptionally at 2500 ft. in the Breadalbanes) ; distributed 

 generally through Ireland. It is found throughout Europe, from 

 Spain, Italy, and Greece, northward to Iceland, Scandinavia and 

 N. Russia (66 J ) ; in Northern and Central Asia, eastwards to the 

 Korea, Kamskatcha, and Japan. 



S. caprea x anrita (p. 40). 

 X cinerea (p. 48). 

 X cinerea x plujlicifolia (p. 49). 

 x lanata (p. 49). 

 x lapponum (p. 50). 

 x mijrsinites (p. 51). 

 x Anderson iana (p. 52). 

 x phylicifolia (p. 52). 

 x repens (p. 53). 

 X viminalis (p. 30). 



SALIX CAPREA X CINEREA. 



Syn. S. caprea- cinerea Wimmer, Flora, xxxii. 43 (1849) ; Sal. 

 Eur. 199. — S. Beichardti Kerner, Nied. Oesterr. Weiden, 249 

 (1859). B. White, Revision, 386. — ,S'. caprea x cinerea Camus, 

 Monogr. 326. — S. cinerea x caprea Seemen, iv. 214. 



Icon. E. Bot. t. 1437. Forbes, Sal. Wob. t. 127. 



Exs. Wimmer, Sal. Relict. (Coll. Sal. 185). Hb. B. White, 

 Nos. 56? 237. E. F. & W. R. Linton, No. 55. Toepffer, Nos. 58, 

 59, 263. 



The hybrids of S. caprea and S. cinerea are not easy to detect, 

 as the two species have so much in common. The influence of 

 8. caprea is likely to appear in the earlier glabrescence of the 

 twigs and buds, the broader subcrenate or obscurely serrate leaf- 

 blades clothed at first with soft dense white pubescence, the more 

 pointed stipules, the acuminate floral bracts and the larger cat- 



