BULIMUS.-Plate I. 



recently discovered by Mr. Adams, of H.M.S. Samarang, 

 by the accidental falling of a huge tree, in a woody islet 

 situated between Banguey and Balambangan, but they 

 are of rare occurrence in that locality. In Em'ope, where 

 natui-e is exposed to the vicissitudes of a colder climate, 

 the Bulimi are mostly small and exhibit no brilliancy of 

 colour. So also, in the extensive region of North Ajnerica, 

 where no more than a few insignificant species are known 

 to exist. It is in the riclily fertile and woody district of 

 Columbia, that the genus BuUmtis is represented with a 

 magnificence little inferior to that of the Philippine 

 Islands ; here they are large enough and sufBciently 

 abundant to be roasted and eaten by the aborigines as a 

 frequent article of food. Several fine species, entirely 

 new to science, have been collected in Venezuela and 

 New Granada by Mr. Linden, an assiduous Botanical 

 Traveller, only within the last twelvemonth, at an altitude 

 of from 5000 to 8000 feet, and many more, no doubt, 

 (tw(>U in undisturbed solitude in the vast interior of this 

 immense continent. It is extremely probable that a large 

 portion of South America yet remains to be explored by 

 the adventm-ous naturalist, where there is no doubt a fine 

 expanse of forest country, grand in extent, rich in foliage, 

 and possessing all the elements favourable to the growth 

 and beauty of arboreal moUusks. 



Species 1. (Mus. Cuming.) 



BuLiMUs jiac;rostom.\. Bid. testa ovali, ventricosd, 

 yjirn sii/jfiUrerin/ri., mifradihis setiis, convexo-tumicUs, 

 rniirriitrirr xtrhilis^ ciilniiielld basi siibcontorta ; pnr- 

 piirvd-fii^iii. ,'jiiiln-ifiiili' Injdrophand, in anfractu ultimo 

 iiiiizniKiIti, iiiihdii ,■ niii'iiurd cmruleacente-alhd, lahro 

 reflexo. 



The wide-mouth Bulimus. Shell oval, ventricose, 

 spu'c sUghtly abbreviated, whorls six in number, 

 convexly tumid, concentrically striated, columella 

 slightly twisted at the base ; purple-brown, covered 

 with a hydrophauous epidermis, marked with a single 

 zone on the last whorl ; aperture blueish white, lip 

 reflected. 



Pfeiffer, Pro. Zool. Soc, 1843, p. 152. 



Hab. Sual, Province of Pangasinan, Island of Luzon, 

 Philippines (on leaves of trees) ; Cuming. 



TJiis species approaches the B. rnfogaster, it partakes 

 of the same shades of colour, and the epidermis is charac- 

 terised by a similar zone round the last whorl ; it does not 

 however exhibit the vacant patches beneath the sutures. 

 The columella uf B. iiiacrostoma is slightlv twisted, and 



the general form of the shell is eminently distinguished 

 by its swoUen egg-shaped growth. 



Species 3. (Pig. a and b. Mus. Cuming.) 

 Bulimus pythogastee. Bui. testa subpyraviidali-ovatd, 

 anfractibm senis, plano-convexis, ultimo ventricoso, 

 cohwielld recta ; piirpureo-niyrirnide, rpiJi'miide in- 

 terdniii simplici, interd mil loiiijilinViiiiiViti'r atriijatd, 

 npertiird ctenilesceitte-albd, columt/ld nmnrro-purpu- 

 rasceiite. 

 The oriental Bulimus. Shell somewhat pyramidally 

 ovate, whorls six in number, flatly convex, the last 

 ventricose, columella straight ; purple-black, epider- 

 mis sometimes simple, sometimes arranged in longi- 

 tudinal streaks, apertui'e blueish wliite, columella 

 pinkish piu-ple. 

 Ferussac, Lamarck, Anim. sans vert, vol.viii. p. 33G. 

 Hub. Fig. /I, Island of Ticao ; Fig. b, Mount Isarog, Island 

 of Luzon, Philippines (on leaves of trees) ; Cuming. 

 The examples ofB.pi/iko//nster selected for representation 

 vary so materially in form, as well as in the arrangement of 

 the epidermis, that one might consider them to belong to 

 distinct species, were it not for the similarity in the struc- 

 ture and colouring of the aperture. In the specimen from 

 Ticao, Fig. a, the shell is broader and more acutely ven- 

 tricose at the base, and the epidermis is arranged in 

 longitudinal streaks ; in that fi-om Luzon, Fig. b, the base 

 is somewhat contracted, imparting a more pyramidal form 

 to the shcU, the apex is dark pm-ple, and the epidermis is 

 soft and velvety, uniformly distributed thi'oughout without 

 any description of pattern. 



Species 3. (Mus. Cuming.) 



Bulimus lignarius. Bid. testa ovato-conoided, veiitri- 

 cosisslmd, anfractibm senis, tmiiido-convexis ; colit- 

 melld recta; purpureo-nigricante, €pid4'rmide lineis 

 fasciiMjne in anfractu ultimo, et interdum penultimo, 

 Hotatd; aperturd caridescente-albd, columeUd Uvido- 

 piirpurascente. 



The wooden Bulimus. Shell ovately conoid, very ven- 

 tricose, whorls six in number, timiidly convex ; colu- 

 meUa straight ; purple-black, epidei-mis marked with 

 bands or lines on the last and sometimes the penul- 

 timate whorl ; aperture blueish-white, columella livid 

 purple. 



Pfeiffer, Pro. Zool. Soc, 1843. 



Hah. Gattarang, Province of Cagayan, Island of Luzon, 

 Philippines (on leaves of trees) ; Cuming. 



