ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 235 



the author adds particulars of the heights of the localities also iu 

 Norwegian feet. 



To show his treatment of the species I will take Uanunctdns 

 (icris L. (as a common British species) ; for this he gives some 

 472 separate localities. As a rarer species TAnncea borealis, with 

 303 separate localities ; and as a rare one PhyUodoce caridca, with 

 277 separate localities. The only (in Mr. Watson's work) one we 

 can compare with these is Ranunculm acris, for which, in the whole 

 of England and Scotland, he gives 107 localities, or centres. With 

 the localities. Dr. Norman gives a large amount of notes of various 

 kinds — of the flowering (expressed thus " ^/^ 83 "), &c. Thus are 

 treated the species (it should be here remarked that he has selected 

 "special plants") from Iinnimnihts (jJacialis L. to Pijrola unifiora L. 

 In the second part he takes the same species, and treats them in a 

 condensed manner (with paginal references to the first part) from 

 the standpoints of horizontal distribution ; vertical distribution ; 

 topographical statistics; characters of environment; flowering, as 

 to time, and length of time in bloom, size, &c., of flowers; and 

 remarks. 



I suppose it would not be far wrong to take these parts as 

 representing about half the Flora (in European Floras the medium 

 part is r/eneralli/ the Compositae) ; if so, it means that some 2400 

 pages will be required to represent the plants selected from the 

 Norwegian Arctic Flora. We certainly have nothing that can be 

 compared with this work in completeness as to localities. I doubt 

 much whether, if all the local Floras of Britain could be collated, 

 there would then be such a collection of habitats for the rarer 

 plants — certainly not for the_common ones, as our Floras often 

 merely say "in all the districts," or, "common over the whole 

 county," both generally misleading. But Dr. Norman treats the 

 common species as exactly as the rare ones, and it may be doubted 

 whether there is another work in existence that can show such 

 fulness of detail. 



The map shows the twenty-five districts into which the author 

 has divided Arctic Norway; it would have been better to have 

 shown the district boundaries in red, as, the map being deeply 

 shaded with contour liues, it is not easy at a glance to follow the 

 dotted lines. 



Arthur Bennett. 



Elements of Botany. By J. Y. Bergen, A.M. Ginn, Boston, 

 U.S.A. 1896. 8vo, pp. viii, 275, 57 ; with 212 figs. 



This little work is an expansion of notes prepared for a half- 

 year course in botany at the Boston English High School. It is 

 one of the best of its kind we remember to have seen, and in Boston 

 and elsewhere in the United States will doubtless be welcomed by 

 teachers of botany, to whom we can recommend it as an accurate 

 and well-arranged guide for their students. But it falls under the 

 heading " Foreign," from the point of view of this Journal. While 

 it is eminently of advantage to cite as illustrations, and use for 



