lyo 



Journal of Agricultural Research 



Vol. XVI, No. 6 



Liodontomerus secundus was described as new by Mr. A. B, Gahan ^ 

 from specimens reared by the writer from infested red-clover seeds taken 

 at Caldwell, Idaho. 



HIBERNATION 



Examination of red-clover seeds infested by Bruchophagus funebris 

 revealed larvae of Liodontomerus secundus hibernating in the lar\^a stage 

 within the seeds which had been destroyed by their respective host larvae. 

 The hibernating larvae pupated in the months of April, May, and June, 



spending from 24 to 40 days 

 in the pupa stage under 

 laboratory conditions before 

 emerging as adults. 



LARVA 



The larva (fig. 3) is smoky 

 white in color and averages 

 1.72 mm. long and 0.8 mm. 

 in thickness. The general 

 shape is grublike. The 

 head, of medium size, shows 

 the eye lobes with a tubercle 

 apparently more distinct in 

 this species than in L. per- 

 plexus. Pointed mandibles 

 show a slight tinge of brown. 

 The body is covered with 

 pubescence about o. 055 long, the pubescence longest on dorsal portion of 

 first tv,o body segments. Pubescence finer than on larvae of L. perplexus. 



PUPA 



The pupa (fig. 4) is white when newly formed, but later it turns smoky 

 white and finally brownish black. The eyes turn brown. It averages 

 1.6 mm. long. The sheath of the ovipositor is folded around the end of 

 the abdomen and back half wa}' along the dorsal side. 



ADULT 



The adults (PI. 23, B) emerge from the infested red-clover seeds in 

 spring. Some continue to emerge from the old seeds as late as July. 

 They apparently have two or more generations in a single season and are 

 active in the fields until late in fall. 



Observations show that both sexes are well represented in localities 

 where the species was taken. 



Fig. 3. — Liodontomerus secun 

 dus: Larva. 



Liodontomerus secun- 

 dus: Pupa. 



' Gahan, A. B. descriptions op some new parasitic hymenopter.\. In Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., v. 33, 

 P.t95-2i7. May 26, 1917. p. io8: Liodontomerus secundus, new species. 



