204 



Journal of Agricultural Research 



Vol. XVI, No. 8 



8 



of the air also had no appreciable effect upon the development of scald. 

 During the past season this test was repeated, using higher percentages 



of oxygen. The air 

 was slowly renewed 

 in the manner de- 

 scribed in Table III 

 and was not stirred. 

 The temperature was 

 15° C, except E, 

 which was 0° C. Five 

 apples were used in 

 each test. The re- 

 sults are given in 

 Table V. 



The results have 

 not been consistent. 

 An increase in the 

 percentage of oxygen 

 in the air gave a de- 

 cided decrease in the 

 amount of scald on 

 Newtown, Pippin, and 

 Rome Beauty apples 

 that had been held several months in cold storage before the experiment 

 was started (B and C), but failed to do so on Grimes apples that were 

 exposed in similar atmospheres from the beginning of their storage life 

 (A, D, and E). As a whole, the results are in decided contrast with the 

 uniformly beneficial effects reported later as resulting from air circulation. 



Table V. — Influence of increase in oxygen upon the development of apple- scald 



S' /^' SO' 



Fig. 7. — Graphs showing the effect of temperature on apple-scald at the 

 end of 7, 10, 12, and i8 weeks. The dotted graphs show the amount 

 of scald that was evident after removal from storage at the end of 

 the given weekand holding the apples at 20° C. for 3 days. The apples 

 were from very lightly irrigated Grimes trees at Wenatchee, Wash. 

 They were picked on October 3, shipped to Washington, D. C, in 

 iced pony refrigerators, and the experiment started on October 9. 



Ex- 

 peri- 

 ment 

 No. 



Variety and treatmtut. 



Composition of air supplied. 



Percent- 

 age of 

 scald. 



Grimes apples of lot described in 

 legend for figure 3. Results 

 after 8 weeks. 



NewtowTi Pippin from Hood 

 River, Oreg. In cold storage 

 till Jan. 26. Experiment 

 started on this date and ended 

 12 weeks later. 



Rome Beauty from Vienna, Va. 

 In cold storage till Jan. 26. 

 Experiment started on this 

 date and ended 12 weeks later. 



Grimes apples from Vienna, Va., 

 picked Aug. 26, 1918. The 

 experiment was started Aug. 

 27 and the results obtained 

 after 8 weeks. 

 ("Same as D, but at 0° C. and the 

 \ results obtained after 16 weeks. 



4 per cent of carbon dioxid, 28 per 



cent of oxygen. 

 4 per cent of carbon dioxid, oxygen 



normal. 

 Normal air (21 per cent of oxygen). 



32 per cent of oxygen 



Normal air (2 1 per cent of oxygen) . , 



.do 



> do 



}■ 



do 



45 

 40 



65 



10 

 80 



5 

 65 



45 

 50 



35 

 38 



