Feb. 24, 1919 



Apple-Scald 



209 



was prevented by one thorough aeration for 24 hours at 20° C. and then 

 by storing at 5° C. In the winter of 1 917-18 some striking results on 

 this point were again obtained. 



Of two lots of Grimes apples from Wenatchee, Wash., picked from the 

 same trees and placed in commercial cold storage at the same time, one 

 lot consisting of 10 boxes was brought out twice for aeration and note- 

 taking, remaining at a temperature of 20° C, the first time for 4 hours 

 (after 5 weeks' storage), and the second time for 48 hours (after 10 weeks' 

 storage) . The second lot consisting of 1 2 boxes was left in cold storage 

 continuously. At the end of 17 weeks' storage the amount of scald on 

 the fruit in the former lot ranged from 5 to 30 per cent, averaging 15.5 

 per cent, while that in the latter lot ranged from 50 to 80 per cent, 

 averaging 65 per cent. The two aerations at laboratory temperature 

 were apparently suffi- 

 cient to reduce the 

 scald to one -fourth 



that on apples held 



. so 



continuously in cold 



storage. ^ 



i 



AIR-COOLED CELLAR i}^'^ 

 STORAGE k 



It has already been ^bo 

 pointed out that in the fi 

 experimental storage 

 boxes apple scald was o 

 prevented at all tem- 

 peratures from 0° to 

 30° C. by a gentle air 

 movement. Other ex- 

 periments were made 

 under more nearly 

 commercial conditions, in which air-cooled cellar storage was compared 

 with commercial cold storage. The experiment was made at Wenatchee, 

 Wash. In the fall the door and window of the cellar were kept open 

 at night and closed in the day, and throughout the winter frequent 

 ventilation was given. Hygrothermograph records showed that in Octo- 

 ber the average temperature of the cellar was 12° C. (53.6° F.) and the 

 average relative humidity 60 per cent; in November the average tem- 

 perature was 8° C. (46.4° F.) and the average relative humidity 78 per 

 cent. From the first of December to the middle of March the tem- 

 perature stood fairly constantly at 5° C. (41° F.) and the relative 

 humidity at 86 per cent. In the cold-storage plant the average tem- 

 perature for November was 2.5° C. (36.5 °F.) and the average relative 

 humidity 84 per cent; for December the average temperature was 0.28° C. 





Fig. 10. — Graphs showing the effect of temperature on apple-scald at 

 the end of 8, 12, and 16 weeks. The apples were Arkansas from Mid- 

 dletown, Va. They were picked and packed on October 17 and 

 placed in commercial cold storage the following day. They were 

 removed from^ storage on December 4 and the above experiment 

 started the same day. 



