1900 1 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 49 



6th of November. Was this an attempt at producing a second brood 1 Reasoning from 

 analogy one would unhesitatingly say, yes. But from all my observations of that butter- 

 fly, I as unhesitatingly eay, no It was but a retard? d specimen from a more southerly 

 born parent ; and would proViably not have matured in nature at ail. It is no unusual 

 thing to find dead chrysalida after frost that give no indication of being parasitised. 

 Although Dr. Thaxter saw some of them in Florida making an attempt at producing a 

 brood there, yet the fact that they were still in swarms, clearly indicatt d that their time' 

 for breeding had not yet come, or they would hg^ve been dispersed. Now then, seeing that 

 fresh batched specimens bf gin to appear here about the middle of July, and continue on 

 the wing in increasing numbers to the beginning of September, when a great proportion 

 of them takes their departsire ; and that portions of these same swarms may reach the 

 latitude of Maryland about the end of September, Texas and Florida in October and 

 November, that they winter along the Galf of Mexico, or even further south, and that 

 it will be the end of February or tha beginning of March before th<-ir regular time of 

 breeding begins, and that we have not the slightest reason to believe that they hybernate 

 at all, anywhere, as Antiopa and the Graptas do ; there seems <o be a reasonable excase 

 for the belief that Anosia Archippus is a long lived butteifly, and that continuous-lived 

 would be quite as appropriate for it, as continuous-brooded. 



That any Anosia Archippus leaving Ontario in the autumn, will return to it in the 

 spring to propagate its species, is a matter upon which we have no information whatever ; 

 and seems quite improbable. But that the first ones that appear here do come from the 

 south of us, aiimits of no question. Ytt the terms " noith and south," are often used in 

 such a loose and ill defined manner, as likely to cause confusion. Hence Mr. Tutt has 

 tripped over my '* doubtful log^'c," when speaking of their going south in the autumn, and 

 returning in the spring ; when it was the " species " that I meant, and not the individuals ; 

 which I ought to have nrade more clear. 



There are but two statements that I can find, that provide any basis upon which to 

 form a calculation as to the distance from which our first arrivals may have come. 

 Edwards speaks from West Virginia, Riley, from Missouri. West Virginia is a long 

 way soulh of Ontario ; so we are not warranted in concluding that the behaviour o( Anosia 

 Archippus there will be identical with what it is here. Edwards in his life history of 

 Danais Archippus (Psyche, Vol. ii, Dec. 1878, p. 169,) says: "In this part cf West 

 Virginia, D. Archippus is, I have reason to believe, four-brooded, and the buttei flies of the 

 last brood, and these alone, hibernate. The survivors appea? very early in the next 

 spring, and are always faded and more or less broken." And through that whole history, 

 he makes his estimates upon the principle that it is a hibernating butterfly. Now the 

 fact that Dr. Thaxter found it wintering along the Gulf of Mexico, utterly precludes the 

 idea of its hibernating in any true sense of the word. So Mr. Edwards's " survivors " 

 came from a good way south of We^t Virginia. Riley also speaks cf it in the same way ; 

 which was quite excusable at that time, as fac s to the contrary had not been disclosed, 

 and they reasoned from analogy, and so the habit has been kf pt ever since ; but we must 

 now view it another light. Edwards's spring dates are, butterflies appear the last of 

 March. Eggs laid the second of May, butterflies from these, thirtieth of May. Riley, 

 3rd annual Missouri report, p. 144, says: "They commence depositing eggs in the latitude 

 of St. Louis during the fore part of May . . . Buttei flies from these eggs begin to 

 appear about the middle of Jane." These are the only observations made in the south, 

 giving dates, that I find to estimate time and distance by. Now Anosia Archippus makes 

 its appearance in Ontario about the first of June and before, according to the season. 

 Are our first arrivals specimens that were born in either of those localities, or thereabout 1 

 Certainly not from the Missouri broods. But West Virginia is the most likely direction 

 from which our first visitors would come; and here again we see, th%t there is nob sufficient 

 time for the first Virginia bred fpecimens to make the journey to Ontario. Then whence 

 do they come ? Our only answer must be ; from some broods born much further -south 

 than West Virginia. 



As to "swarms going in the opposite direction," we have no spring swarms in the 

 north. And those observed and recorded in the south, do not seem to seriously conflict 

 with obEervations made in the north. The " bevy " that was seen in Texas the last day 

 of March, containing thirty individualp, would not be considered in the- north of sufiicient 

 importance to notice which way they were going. The report received by Riley from 



4 EN. 



