1901 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 59 



and the statement of Smith it Abbot, " the female bemg entirely wliite,' is thus seen to be 

 incorrect, though in the majority of cases it is true, and in the other broods raised by me, 

 spotted females were of extreme rarity, not occurring at all in summer broods and very rarely 

 in spring broods. Figures 2-11 are of this brood, showing the variation from heavily spotted 

 to immaculate. 



Had I been contented with the results attained in rearing this most rem aikable brood I 

 would have maintained that such a thing as an immaculate male Ciinea did not exist, and should 

 thus have been quite as far astray in my conclusions' as the manj' authorities who have wriitcn 

 of these forms. 



But in order to see what difference, if any, existed between the spring and summer moths, 

 I appealed again to Dr. Dyar to supply me with a batch of eggs along with the parent moth. 

 This he was unable to do, as he did not secure any of the female moths, but he sent me two 

 broods of young larvre whose depredations upon sycamore trees had just begun to attract his 

 attention. 



These broods I named A and B, and as it was too much trouble, especially for the friend 

 with whom I left them when I sailed for England in Jure, to go up the mountain to my syca- 

 more tree for fodder, the food was changed, and brood A was reared on elm and brood B on 

 apple. 



On my sudden return from England on 8th July I took over the care of these broods and 

 carried them on to imago, but to my surprise very few of brood A emerged, though the moths 

 from brood B emerged very freely. The dates of emergence ranged in brood A from 27th July 

 to 19th August, and in brood B from 27th July to 13th August. The moths from these broods 

 were hardly at all spotted, a few only of the males being lightly marked, while many males 

 and all the females were absolutely immaculate, and so indistinguishable in the imago state 

 from H. Textor, but the larvfe had been of the Cunca form, though not quite so dark as the fall 

 brood of larvse reared in 1899. These moths are shown Nos. 13-16 summer brood A, Nos. 

 24-27 summer brood B. 



From a mating between A and B 1 secured another batch of eggs, which in due time 

 hatched and produced brood AB. 



As Dr. Dyar had also been rearing a number of broods of Oanea at Washington I suggested 

 dividing broods, each sending the other a half of one of the broods, in order that we might see 

 what difference, if any, would result from difference of latitude. 



I sent a share of brood AB to Washington and received in exchange a portion of one of 

 the Washington broods resulting from a mating of moths of the summer brood. No distin- 

 guishing number was sent with this brood, and I merely marked it " ^ Dyar's brood." Unfor- 

 tunately Dr. Dyar's assistant omitted to make a note as to which brood he divided with me, 

 and I am therefore unable to compare my results with those obtained at Washington. 



The mot lis of this brood from Dr. Dyar emerged from 28th April to 10th May, 1901, and 

 were almost immaculate, only a very few of the males laving a few dots, Nos. 29-33 showing the 

 range of variation. 



The result of this brood proves that a spring brood may be quite as lightly 

 marked as the most lightly marked summer brood, and it is probable that the influence of the 

 parents is a potent factor in determining the result, but that, other things being equal, a spring 

 brood will be more heavily marked than a summer one, was demonstrated in the most remark- 

 able manner in brood A. 



I have already mentioned that very few of this brood emerged in July and August, 1900, 

 the great bulk of the brood going over the winter, thus showing the tendency of the double 

 brooded Cunea of the South to become a single brooded moth in the latitude of Montreal. 



The contrast in this brood between the summer emerging moths and those which i)assed the 

 winter in the pupal state was most marked, as many of the males were heavily ppottcd, though 



