78 THE REPORT OF THE No. 19 



Asparagus Beetles (Crioceris asparagi and C. 12 — punctata). Figs. 16, 19. 



Potato Beetles 



Cucumber Beetles {Diabrotica vittata, D. 12— punctata), Figs. 44, 45. 



Buffalo Carpet Beetles (Antlirenns scrophulariae) 



Bark Beetles (Scolytidae) 



Squash-bugs {Anasa tristis) 



Lace-Bugs {Tingitidae) 



Chinch-bugs {Lygmidcp) 



Stink-buga (Ptntatomidae) 



Pear-tree Psylla {Psylla pyricola) 



Leaf-Hoppers (Jassidae) Fi^- t^^-^^jf -^'- '''T2-pSi£u."' 



Green-fruit Worm (Xyliua) 



Mourning Cloak Butterfly ( l^anessa antiopa) 



Army Worm (Leucmia unipuncta) 



The more the question of hibernation forms is studied, the more difficult it seems to account 

 for the great number of variations ; at the same time it becomes apparent that the particular 

 form assumed during winter can only be determined by a study of the phylogeny of the insect. 

 All Zoologists are not agreed as to the probable habitat of the primitive insects, but the bulk of 

 the evidence points to them as land-dwellers and not water-dwellers. That the primitive adult 

 insects were wingless and like the larvae is also conceded. They were ametabolic, that is, under- 

 coing no metamorphosis. Our Thysanurans are supposed by some Zoologists to reveal many of 

 the characters of the primitive insects. They live in damp places, under stones and rubbish, 

 and are protected by these objects during winter, and there is no need for any special hibernation 

 form. We can rpadily imagine, however, th^t as the numbers of the primitive insects increased, 

 a " struggle for existence " would arise, and natural selection would choose out those forms that 

 by accident, or otherwise, adapted themselves to changed conditions, either on land, in the air, 

 or in the water. Tracheal gills of aquatic larvae may be regarded as an adaptation to an aquatic 

 condition, and wings as an adaptation to an aerial existence. When in; ects possessed wings, 

 environmental changes would be great and there would arise the necessity for a " Division of 

 Labor " on account of the difficulty in securing food during the winter season. The larval stage 

 was devoted to thft acquiring of food, and to growth, and the adult to reproduction. Then came 

 the pupal stage, as an act of necessity, to bridge over the gap between larva and adult, when 

 preparations could be made for the complete formation of the adult. According to this, the pupa 

 would be the normal hibernation form for most insects in our latitude. 



ANOSIA ARCHIPPUS DOES NOT HIBERNATE. 



By J. Alston Moffat, London, Ont. 



The method of explaining the unobserved portions of the life history of Anosia Archippus 

 by analogy, or bringing them into conformity with what was known in the life history of other 

 butterflies, has retarded rather than assisted in removing the difficulties connected with it. 

 There are several peculiarities in the life history of that butterfly which have been often enough 

 observed to place them amongst the established laws of its nature, that are so diflFerent from 

 anything known in the life of other butterflies, that it becomes necessary to seek an explanation 

 of the unobserved portions of its history, in accordance with what is known in its own life 

 rather than in the life history of other butterflies. 



For instance, it does not pass the winter in the mature state in this locality. Nor can it 

 survive it in any of the stages of its existence in its northern breeding grounds ; hence after 



