1903 



ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



43 



€onvenient and safest place fox' the worm to change into a chrysalis, and thus far more harm 

 than good is done. He strongly recommended three things — first, s{)ray with Paris green 

 during the first week after the blossoms have fallen, later than that is of no use ; second, 

 bandage the trees and remove regularly ; third, keep hogs in the orchard to eat up the fallen 

 fruit and thus destroy the worms contained in it. 



Dr. Fletcher said that spraying, properly done, saved>^ seventy-five per cent, of the fruit.- 

 East of Toronto there was only one brood of the Codling moth in the year and therefore 

 bandaging the trees was of no use, but west of Toronto there were two broods per annum, the 

 second being much the worst, and there bandaging produced excellent results. The bandages 

 should be passed through a clothes-wringer which could be carried in a wheelbarrow from tree 

 to tree, or they might be dipped into scalding water. The worms, however, will not all be 

 found in the bandages, for about half of them burrow into the bark ; these can be got rid of 

 by scraping with a wire brush which effectually tears them out of their burrows. He considered 



burlap or sacking the best material for the bandage 

 and straw the very worst, because it is so hard t© 

 put on and makes such a litter in the orchard. 

 One or two thicknesses of burlap, five or six inches 

 in width, tied in the middle with a string, makes 

 a satisfactory bandai^e. Hogs were very useful in 

 the orchard to devour the fallen fruit. The moth 



H'ig. 33. (Quarter of an Apple" shewing the work of the 

 Ccdling Worm ; the insect in all stages. 



Apple-Weevil (greatly magnified). 



did not lay her eggs till the fruit was about the size of a pea and continued laying till it was at 

 large as a hickory nut ; during this period spraying should be done. 



Mr. Fisher said that the calyx (at the tip of the young fruit) closes about a week after the 

 blossom falls, and therefore it is necessary to spray early. 



Prof. Lochhead found the Haseltine trap-lanterns perfectly worthless as regards the 

 destruction of the Codling moth. They caught as many beneficial as injurious insects, but n© 

 Codling moths. " The Expansive Tree-protector" is all right in principle, as it is a bandage, 

 but he found in nearly every instance that it was doing harm to the tree. The poisonous sub- 

 stance with which the felting is soaked was not effective ; the Codling larvse were lively and 

 active in it, also spiders and other insects which took advantage of the shelter. He had also 

 found larv;e crawling over the sticky substance which was supposed to be a complete barrier 

 against them. The worst feature about it is that it is said to expand automatically with the 

 growth of the tree ; he found that it failed to do so, but gradually cut right into the wood 

 through the bark and in time girdled the tree ; this could only be prevented by frecjuentlj 

 opening and moving it. Sacking or burlap was ever so much better, as well as cheaper and 

 simpler. He was surprised to find how remarkably active the agents have been in selling these 

 " protectors" ; they were to be seen in orchards all over the country. 



Mr. Evans said that in his trap-lantern (described in the last Annual Eeport)he had i aught 

 a great variety of insects, but no Codling moths. They are evidently not attracted by light 



