1902 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 53 



are sculptures made evidently by the Indians in times lon^ past. The figures denote histori- 

 cal events of deep interest, relating to the conquest of the island by the Iroquois. These- 

 sculptures, found on the south side of the Island, were deeply engraved and though now 

 rapidly weathering away, are yet easily traceable. 



Mr. Smith's Report on The Eagle Lake Mining Region. 



The Eagle Lake District is reached by C. P. R. from Fort William and lies some forty 

 miles east of Rat Portage. Eagle Lake, about where the group of mines and prospects com- 

 prising the mining division are located, is some 90 miles in length and ranges from 1 to 13 

 miles wide. The course of the lake is very tortuous and many islands are met with. The 

 scenery presented by the sheets of pure blue water, granite bluffs and evergreen blanketed 

 hills is of a degree of picturesqueness not soon to be forgotten. 



The distributing point of the lake is at Vermilion Bay, a small C. P. R. by-station 

 consisting of half a dozen buildings and shacks. There is another C. P. R. station known as 

 Eagle River on a river of that name tributary to the lake. At the north end of the lake pro- 

 per a Hudson Bay post is located . A few trappers, prospectors and Indians are the only other 

 representatives of human kind in that great region. The Provincial Department of Crown 

 Lands has surveyed the country sufiiciently to make known in a general way the configuration 

 of the lake, but the details of the topography and geology of the land about it are still generally 

 unknown. 



It is agreed among students of the subject that what is now known as the " Height of 

 Land " extending through Quebec, Northern Ontario and Keewatin in the form of a horse-shoe 

 reached an altitude rivally that of the Appalachian system which gives shape and position to the 

 eastern half of this continent. Owing to changes of rainfall and temperature, a great tract 

 which centres about the Height of Land came under a thick cap of snow and ice which, in its 

 movements, ground down the hills, filled the valleys and scooped hollows which filling with 

 water became lakes. This theory, which has been very briefly and inadequately put, accounts 

 for the larger features as well as for many of the minor phenomena which characterize our 

 great Northland. 



It is the theory of the writer that Eagle Lake owes its existence to a branch of the great 

 Keewatin Glacier, which formed west of Hudson's Bay and several hundred miles due north of 

 the lake. 



A careful study of the map indicates that the branch referred to passed in a general south- 

 easterly direction sending lateral divisions to the north-east and south-east. The northern 

 shores of the lake are generally destitute of soil which may be accounted for by the compara- 

 tively recent retirement of the glaciers and to water erosion facilitated by the heavy rainfall 

 and the undulating character of land. 



A number of rocks picked up by the writer were found to consist of specimens of basic 

 gray granite, red granite, talcose hornblende schists of a green color and black trap. 



The gray granite was found 100 feet from the surface. It was overlaid by the red variety 

 which in turn gave place to the green schist. The eruptive rock was found on an island facing, 

 the granite and schist outcrop. The formation of the granite in the outcrop was anticlinal i. e. 

 tipped upwards from the lake, while the schist layers above appeared to dip in the reverse 

 direction. The basic granite shows clear indications of decomposition in exposed parts where- 

 the felspar is broken down into kaolin giving the rocks a whitish cast. 



At many points are to be seen the outcrops of quartz veins found either as stringers or as; 

 a single vein (which may be two or three feet wide.) When the quartz is in stringers the 

 filling matter is green schist, similar to that before mentioned. The quartz carries small per- 

 centages of mineral i, e. magnetite or black sand, copper and iron pyrites, zinc blende and 



