54 THE REPORT OF THE No. 19 



native gold and silver. By pulverizing the quartz in a moitar and panning, the operator will 

 frequently obtain colors (or minute specks of pure flour gold) in these veins. From a number 

 of them there have been taken near the surface splendid specimens of free gold ; some small 

 samples, running as high as fifteen or twenty dollars in gold values, of this kind do not, however 

 appear to obtain at the greater depths. 



When the gold is found in a network of fine stringers a disproportionate body of barren 

 matter must be excavated at great expense in order to procure the rock carrying gold. Two 

 miners working in a tunnel are able to take out about a ton per day. 



When the quartz-vein is compact, the prospector looks for values on the side adjacent to 

 the foot wall. Assuming the average value per ton to be the same in each case it is obvious 

 that the latter class of prospect could be operated much more economically than the stringer- 

 quartz prospect. In the former the barren material may be left untouched except in so far as 

 its removal may be necessary in the construction of passages. The pay ore may be kept freer 

 of extraneous material involving less cost in transporting and milling. The labor of sorting is 

 also eliminated. 



The majority of the prospect mines of the region are as yet prospect claims only. They 

 have for the most part been staked by miners and prospectors of the district who have not the 

 funds wherewith to carry on their work continuously until conclusive results are reached. 



If the district is ever to produce gold in paying quantities, capital must be invested there 

 but subject to conditions. If a mine is capitalized to a greater extent than is reasonably neces- 

 sary to pay expenses for the period during which it is decided to work it, there is usually a 

 great temptation on the part of directors and managers to spend the company funds too lavishly. 

 In the second place if the mine ever pays, its earnings must be divided among a greater number 

 of shares than would be the case if the capital had been less, thus giving smaller dividends. 

 Then the management of such mines must be put in the hands of capable and experienced men, 

 who know all branches of their work thoroughly. Again, operations should at first be carried 

 on on an exceedingly modest scale in order that, if no result obtains, the loss may be at a mini- 

 mum. Investors may thus feel their way to greater expenditures of money. Most of the 

 prospects contain only a very low grade of ore, so that all machinery introduced should be on 

 that basis. 



Summing up it appears to be only necessary for companies forming or about to form with 

 the object of exploiting the region to capitalize moderately, engage trained and efficient men as 

 foremen and superintendents, and to operate on a wholly conservative basis. The district may 

 "then become a regular contributor to the gold output of this country. 



All which is respectfully submitted 



George B. Kirk, 



Chairman. 



II 



REPORT FROM THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO TO THE ROYAL 



SOCIETY OF CANADA. 



(Through the Rev. C.J. S. Bethune, D. C. L., Delegate.) 



The Entomological Society of Ontario has now completed its thirty-eighth year and con- 

 tinues to perform good work of a practical and scientific character. Its membership maintains 

 ^ steady growth and there is a frequent demand for complete sets of its publications from various 

 parts of the world. Its monthly magazine and annual reports contain the records of so much 

 original research and investigation that they have become essential to the equipment of every 

 tudent in this department of natural science. 



During the greater part of the year regular meetings have been held in the Society's room 



