1903 



ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



69 



The effect of |ill this burrowing of many grubs in infested treps is to weaken the branches 

 and to interrupt the supply of food and food- materials to the parts above. Some of the trees 

 which were examined in Guelph and Hamilton, had their bark from top to bottom perforated 

 with holes. Many of the larger limbs had raised ridges on the bark, which, when cut open, 

 showed burrows beneath. 



The life-history of this insect is about as follows : The adults emerge in May, and begin 

 laying their eggs in crevices on the bark. The larvae hatch in June, and are not full grown 

 when winter sets in. They remain torpid during the winterj^and become full grown in April 

 or early May. The pupa stage is of short duration, for the adults begin emerging in May, as 

 already stated. 



It is impossible at this stage in the study of the insect to indicate a definite line of re- 

 medial treatment . As the beetles are capable of flight, it is necessary that dying and dead 

 trees should be cut down before the escape of the beetles in May to prevent the infection of 

 neighboring healthy birches. Their natural enemies are unknown to me, with the excep- 

 tion of the woodpecker, which I have seen frequently on affected trees. It is likely that we 

 will rely upon this bird to help us in controlling this new pest of the birch. 



THE PAPER-MAKING WASPS OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. 

 By Rev. Thomas W. Fyles, D.C.L., F.L.S., Levis, Quebec. 



Once upon a time, 1 was taken over a pulp-factory, and shown how billets of wood were 

 converted into paper. The process seemed to me a natural outgrowth from one that I had 

 witnessed, when a boy, among the descendants of Huguenots who settled at Dartford in 



Kent two hundred years ago. These 

 men, in their little workshops, manufac- 

 tured paper from cotton rags. 



The fineness and tenacity of vegeta- 

 ble fibre have been ever since the crea- 

 tion ; and paper-makers (not always 

 human) have existed, in successive gener- 

 ations, through all the ages since that 

 great event. 



' ' The thing that hath been is that that 

 shall be, and chat which is done is that 

 which shall be done ; and there is no new 

 thing under the sun." 



' ' Is there anything whereof it may be 

 said, this is new 'f It hath been already 

 of old time which was before us." — Ecc. 

 I.. 9-10. 



The nest of the Black Hornet {Vespa 

 rnacidata, Fabricius) Figs. 47 and 48, is a 



Fig. 47. Wasp's nest at an early stage of construction (original), wonderful Structure, suggestive of a 



variety of things, — tents, umbrellas, capes, the papier-mache dwellings of the Japanese, com- 

 pressed wooden ware, etc. 



It is often of great size. The Rev. J. B. Dobbage of Bourg Louis has one that measures 

 round it, over top and bottom three feet two and three-quarter inches and, when taken round 

 the middle, two feet nine and a half inches. 



