i»oa 



ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



105 



D. Attacliag the Leaves : 



((. Gregarious caterpillars. 



1. Caterpillars protected by webs — 



a. Webs in forks o? branches in spring. 



Tent Caterpillar (Clisiocampa Americana). Fig. 77. 

 h. Webs covering the leaves in summer and early autumn. 



Fall Web- Worm (Hyphantria cunea). 

 c. Leaves partly eaten and drawn together by a web. 



Palmer Worm (Ypsolophus pomotellus). 



2. Caterpillars not protected by a web : 



(/. Clustered on limbs. 



Yellow-necked Caterpillar (Datana ministra). 



b. Red-Hiimped Apple-Tree Caterpillar (Oedemasia concinna). Fig. 78. 



Fig. 75. Leaf ( ruinplei' : {a) and {0) winter cases 

 (c) head of caterpillar ; (d) moth. 



F'vj;. 70. Pistol-case Bearer ; (a) pistol-ca.se.s ; (6) caterpillar 

 (c) pupa^; (rf) moth. 



3. Green soft-bodied insects, with sucking mouths. 

 Plant Lice (Aphis spp). Fig. 79. 

 b. Solitary Caterpillars : 

 1. Protected caterpillars — 



a. Mining within the leaf, pupa inside of folded leaf. 



Apple-leaf Miner (Tischeria malifoliella). 



b. Mining within the leaf, mature larva and pupa within small oval seed-like bodies. 



Hesplendent Shield Bearer (Aspidisca splendoriferella). Fig. 80. 



c. Feeding within pistol-shaped cases which stand out from the leaf. 

 I Pistol-Case Bearer (Coleophora malivorella). 



d. Feeding within cigar-shaped cases, which stand out from the leaf. 



Ciqar-Case Bearer (Coleophora Fletcherella). 



e. Feeding within folded leaves. • 



Leaf-Boiler (Teras malivorana) and (Cactecia rosaceana). 

 /. Feeding within tubes of silk, open at both ends, on epidermis and inner tissues 

 leaving the veinlets. 



Bud-Moth (Tmetocera ocellana). 



