1903 • ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 21 



of the injuries caused by them to turnips and mangels especially, and also to grain crops and 

 potatoes ; in some instances the injury to the young plants was so great that the farmers were 

 compelled to plow them up and put in some other crop. The speaker had recommended the 

 employment of the poisoned bran mixture, which had been used with so umch success last year 

 in British Columbia. 



The Onion maggot was referred to by several speakers, who reported its prevalence all 

 over the Province, and expressed their gratification that Dr. Fletcher had found an effective 

 remedy in the use of carbolic acid, as described by Mr. Young. 



The Codling worm was next discussed. Prof. Lochheai had found that much mischief 

 has baen caused by the careless use of burlap bandages. Many fruit-growers were actually 

 cultivating the Avorm by allowing it to find a secure hiding place for the performance of its 

 transformttions beneath the birlap ; they seemed to think that all they had to do was to put on 

 the bandiges early in the season and leave them to do the work of extermination. If the band- 

 ages were not regularly and frequently taken off and the worms and chrysalids destroyed, much 

 more harm than good was dime. Some farmers said they were too busy to do this ; if such 

 were the case it would be better not to bandage the trees at all. Others seemed to place entire 

 reliance upon the burlap and give up spraying their trees, with rather disastrous res ilts. 



Dr. Howard said that the Codling worm conditions in Ontario were the same as in the 

 north-western states. It had been contended that no success could be achieved there with the 

 remedies that had been found effective in the east. Accordingly the life-history of the insect 

 had been carefully studied in Idaho in order to test this theory. It was found that there were 

 two broods, and that the second brood of worms fed upon the leaves of the trees first and then 

 attacked the fruit. An orchard of 3,000 trees near Boise City had been made use of for a large 

 scale experiment ; the majority of the trees were sprayed first and then bandaged with burlap. 

 In the autumn the crop was examined and it was found that the loss on the trees which had 

 received no treatment was from 70 to 90 percent, of the fruit, while the trees which had been 

 banded and sprayed yielded from 90 to 98 per cent, of perfect fruit. The effect of this object 

 lesson was that the fruit-growers in that neighbourhood are now enthusiastic about the treatment 

 and are preparing to equip themselves with spraying apparatus for next year. Gasoline power 

 sprayers are being employed in large orchards and are found very satisfactorj'. 



Prof. Lochhead stated that he found two broods of the Codling worm at Guelph. He then 

 gave an account of an experiment at Simcoe, where Mr. Johnson had taken a large meglected 

 orchard, thoroughly pruned and c eaned the trees and then sprayed them three times during 

 the season. The result was that he had a fine crop, ninety per cent, of the fruit being free 

 from worms and scab. In a neighboring orchard where no spraying or other treatment was 

 done, thd crop was an almost complete failure and the loss was estimated to reach three thou- 

 sand dollars. 



Papers were then read by Dr. Bethuae on " A Menace to the Shide trees of London, On- 

 tario " ; by Mr H. H. Lyman on "Two remarkable aberrations (Lepidoptera)," who exhibited 

 the specimens referred to ; and by Mr. Stevenson, in the absence of the author, on " Additions 

 to the list of Syrphida; of Montreal " by Mr. G. Chagnou. The meeting then adjourned. 



I 



EVKNING SESSION. 



A public'meeting of the Society, to which the members of the medical profession in Ottaw^a 

 were specially invited, was held in the hall of the Normal School, on Thursday evening, Sept. 

 3rd, by kind permission of the Principal. At 8 o'clock the chair was taken by Dr. James 

 Fletcher, who after a few introductory remarks, called upon Professor Lochhead to deliver his 

 address as President of the Society. 



