94 THE KEPOKT OF THE ^o. 36 



June 29th, and on the same day a larger, distinct, undetermined species of 

 Coleophora was bred from cases on the thorn. 



T]ie Pistol Case-bearer of the Apple, C. malivorella, was present also in con- 

 siderable numbers. 



The Permanent Apple Aphis, Aphis pomi, was exceptionally numerous this 

 season, and with it many A. sorhi. The leaves were badly curled, but its parasites 

 controlled it before serious injury was done. Very few Aphides of either species 

 could be found on the trees during the summer, but early in October both species 

 were again common, and the leaves were curling badly. A. pomi was vastly more 

 numerous, however, and seemed responsible for the curling. It has been reported 

 that the leaf curling was due mainly to sorhi. It does not seem so with us. K. 

 emulsion, or better, fish oil soap, about the middle of October would effectually 

 control them for the following season; and lime sulphur, 1.04 S. G., sprayed in the 

 early spring seems to be effective. Even in Quebec, where the San Jose is as yet 

 practically unknown, a regular annual spray of lime sulphur, 1.04 S. G., seems a 

 most excellent orchard practice. 



The Apple-tent, Malacosoma americana, has its cycles with us, as elsewhere, 

 and just now is on the increase. Many egg-masses are found this fall, whereas 

 for the last two years but few were to be had. The Leaf-roller, the Leaf-crumpler, 

 and two Leaf-miners have been common but not injurious. 



The Codling-worm, Carpocapsa pomonella, has furnished us nothing new; 

 except perhaps that it has discovered that we want it for class use and refuses to 

 spin its cocoons on the trees. For some reason or other we found only about six 

 cocoons on the trees this spring, although the species is not by any means rare. 



The Plum Curculio, C. nenuphar, is not troublesome in our apples, although it 

 will soon be a plum pest with us — our plums are just beginning to bear. The 

 species causes more injury to apples than any other insect in some Quebec locali- 

 ties. As an apple pest I am quite of the opinion that it can be partially controlled 

 by having a few plum trees in the orchard as traps. Thorough spraying with 

 poison for the codling-moth, and rigid destruction of all fallen " wormy " fruit 

 usually controls this pest. 



The Apple Curculio, A. quadrigihhvs, is injurious in a few Quebec localities, 

 notably in Covey Hill region. A large orchard there has a considerable portion of 

 the fruit distorted this season, and I think much of the injury is due to the punc- 

 tures of this pest. Careful destruction of the fallen fruit is of importance in the 

 control of this insect, and jarring is of use on small trees. Probably it is effectively 

 controlled by spraying regularly for the codling-worm. This curculio lays its eggs 

 in a simple puncture, and does not cut the crescent-shaped slit as does nenuphar. 

 It pupates within the apple fruit. 



The Apple Maggot, T. pomonella, is found in but few localities in Quebec, 

 notably at Como, and in the region about Hemingford and Covey Hill. It has been 

 effectively controlled at Como by careful destruction of the fallen fruit. That is, 

 so far as known, the only effective method of control. 



The San Jose we do not know in Quebec, although it has been reported from 

 one place this summer near the Ontario line. A. ostrcaformis was found here this 

 season on plum trees. Our only apple scale is the Oyster-shell, L. ulmi. It is, how- 

 ever, often injurious, and is too frequently overlooked. There is no excuse for its 

 presence in injurious numbers. Lime-wash in the late fall, or lime-sulphur in 

 the early spring, with a contact-spray as the young appear in the late spring effec- 

 tively control it. It is in neglected orchards that we find the Oyster-shell in abun- 

 dance. 



