28 THE EEPORT OF THE No. 36 



INSECTS OF THE SEASON IxN" ONTARIO. 



L. Caesar, B.A., BS.A., Guelph. 



Orohaed Insects. 



Codling Motti (Oarpocapsa pomonella). The Codling Moth has in most 

 districts cjrnsed about the usual amount of loss, though in a few localities even 

 uDsprayed orchards were very littlie attacked. Each year more of our fruit-growers 

 learn how to combat this pest successfully. An excellent example of what is pos- 

 sible from thorough spraying right after the blossoms fall was shown in the 40 

 acre orchard of Mr. Jas. E. Johnson, of Simcoe. Mr. Johnson has sprayed hia 

 orchard carefully for several years. This year he had a gasoline power outfit and 

 used lime-sulphur and arsenate of lead. Fully 99.5 per cent, of the apples were 

 free from worms. Some neighboring orchards were almost 80 per cent, wormy. 

 Two orchards at Rockwood, sprayed by Mr. Chas. Good, my assistant, and myself 

 this spring, when visited during apple-picking time this fall, appeared to be about 

 95 per cent, free from worms, even on Spy trees which in many cases had not 

 more than half a barrel to a tree. These orchards had not been sprayed for at lieast 

 ten years. 



Plum Curculio (ConoiracJielus nenupliar) . I have received fewer com- 

 plaints of fall injury from Plum Curculio to apples this year than last, though 

 there was considerable in some orchards. It was moderately abundant on plums 

 and cherries. 



Oyster-shell Scale (Lepldosaphes ulmi). This, our most common scale 

 insect, is being rapidly brought under control by the application of lime-sulphur 

 before the buds burst. 



San Jose Scale (Aspidiotus pemiciosus) . In counties like Kent and Essex, 

 where San Jose Scale has been very prevalent, and wliere very promising orchards 

 have been allowed to go uncared for, a renewed interest in spraying ha-s arisen, 

 due chiefly to the splendid results being obtained in many quarters from the care 

 of orchards and to the eagerness of companies to rent or buy them. The 

 presence of district representatives, too, has had a remarkable result in giving 

 owners of apple orchards encouragement and helping them to control the scale 

 and bring back their orchards into good bearing. 



Blister Mite (Eriophyes pyri). This pest has continued to spread, and 

 owing to the very dry season, injury from it was much more conspicuous this year 

 than usual. From badly attacked trees, even as early as July 1st, the foliage 

 had begun to fall. Excellent results against this mite have been ohtained by the 

 use of lime-sulphur shortly before or as the buds are bursting. 



Aphids (Aphis avenae, chiefly). During May we received numerous letters 

 telling us that these green lice were very thick on the twigs and opening buds and 

 asking for information as to what to do. We replied that they could be killed by 

 sprays of kerosene emulsion, whale-oil soap or Black Leaf 40, but that we had 

 strong hopes that if the weather continued fine they would soon disappear. It 

 was, therefore, with great pleasure that we observed that almost immediately after 

 the very hot weather of the last week of May almost all the Aphids disappeared. 

 This result seemed to have taken place over at least most of the Province, and 

 ])robably over all of it. 



Cigar Case-bearer (Cohophora fetch erella) . In a large number of orchards 

 this year the Cigar Case-bearer was very abundant and destructive. This is one 

 of the pests fairly easily controlled by spraying just before the blossoms burst. 



