1912 



ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



61 



otherwise vigorous-looking spruce. The affected twigs are generally killed but 

 sometimes recover, leaving only a twist in the branch. 



In the season of 1910 the galls were very numerous on some of the scattered 

 trees on the sandy ridge, but some seemed quite free from them. The black 

 spruce in the swamp near the creek were also heavily infested with galls, which 

 I took to be the same but which may be C. fioccus, Patch, as I have not seen the 

 adult aphids. In 1911 scarcely a gall was to be found on either white or black 

 spruce. 



In 1910 I came across Chermes abieiis, L., for the first time in this district. In 

 Toronto the two species similis and abietis are almost peculiar to the white and 

 Norway spruce respectively, and I had never seen abietis on any other spruce. I 

 found it, however, in considerable numbers on a single, large white spruce, grow- 



FiG. 27. 



Chermes similis — o, nymph; 6, 

 spruce. 



gall on 



ing in the open on the sandy ridge at De Grassi Point, and although many other 

 trees were near at hand I could not find a single gall of abietis on any one of 

 them. On the other hand, C. similis was present on the other trees but not on the 

 one which bore the galls of abietis. In 1911 a few galls of abietis were taken from 

 two or three white spruce widely separated from one another. 



Fallen spruce were as yet very little injured by borers. The common spruce 

 borer Polygraphus rufipennis, Kirby, was taken but once. Perhaps next season will 

 yield a larger number of wood-boring beetles. 



Of the insect enemies of deciduous trees at De Grassi Point, the only species 

 that has been very conspicuous for its injuries during the past few years is the 

 Birch-leaf Skeletonizer (BuccuJatrix canadensisella, Chamb.)- This insect was 



