1915 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 45 



Fkdit-tkee Leaf-roller {Archips argyrosphila) . In the above Norfolk 

 orchard, and in the very same part of it, the Spy apples were severely attacked 

 by this leaf-roller. The insect did not confine its attack to the fruit but riddled 

 numerous leaves as well, especially all over the top of the trees. It was estimated 

 that at least 40 per cent, of the apples had been injured. The larvae feed on the 

 fruit from the time it begins to form until it is about two-thirds of an inch in 

 diameter. Irregular holes are eaten into it, and, when these callous over, they 

 leave the apple badly deformed in many cases. 



In our cages the moths began to emerge the third week in June. In the 

 orchards in the eastern part of the Province moths were seen as late as July 17th. 

 Eggs are laid in small brown clusters on the twigs and evidently hatched in 

 Norfolk about the time the blossoms fell from apple trees. The winter is passed 

 in the egg stage. There is only one brood a year. The insect has been found 

 in such widely distributed portions of the Province that it is now present probably 

 in all or nearly all the apple districts. In several localities in New York and 

 several other States, it has caused serious loss to apple growers. It is a very 

 difficult pest to combat as the ordinary Codling Moth spray does not control it. 

 Possibly heavy applications of double strength arsenate of lead would do so. 

 Experiments by the Washington, D.C., investigators indicate that these give 

 moderately good results. We need not be surprised if there are several serious 

 outbreaks next year as there are many eggs, at least in the Norfolk orchard. 



Pear Psylla {Psylla pyricola) was abundant in a few orchards while nearby 

 orchards had almost none. The time of spraying probably accounts for the 

 difference. 



Grapes and Bush Fruit Insects. 



Grapevine Flea-beetle (Haltica chalybea). This beetle was more common 

 and injurious to tlie bursting buds this year than I have ever seen it before. 



"Rose 'Chafer (Macrodactylus subspinosus) . There were probably on the 

 whole about the usual number of these beetles but at Fonthill in a neglected 

 vineyard they were so abundant that almost all the grape clusters were destroyed. 



Blackberry Leaf-Miner {Metallus bethunei). This insect has been referred 

 to several times in reports as infesting severely Blackberry leaves. A few weeks- 

 ago Dr. MeGillivray stated in the '' Canadian Entomologist " that it was a new 

 species and gave it the above name. The life history, as observed, is as follows: 

 The winter is passed in the larval stage in the ground an indh or so below the 

 surface in a small oval earthen cocoon. Adults appear in July and lay their 

 eggs beneath the epidermis of the leaves. The larvae from these become mature 

 early enough for a second brood, some larvae of which may be found in the leaves 

 even up into November. The insect does not seem to be so abundant this year 

 as usual. 



The Easpberry Sawfly {Monophadnoides rubi) was very common in 

 Niagara this year. 



The Currant Stem Girdler {Janus integer) was found at St. Catharines 

 by my assistant, Mr. J. Shipton. This little known insect has now been reported 

 from Lambton, Wentworth and Lincoln Counties. It has not done a great deal of 

 damage anywhere, so far as known. 



Vegetable, Cereal and Fodder Insects. 



The Pea Aphis (Macrosiplium pisi) has caused much injury to late peas, 

 especially in Prince Edward County and the counties along the southern part 

 of Lake Huron. Early peas in most cases escaped. 



