1915 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 85 



of soap as a sticker. At no strength and under no conditions which, came to 

 the writer's notice did the spray give even fair results. It was looked on in 

 most places as a decided failure. The difficulty appeared to lie in the fact that 

 where the worms were coming in large numbers they would pass through even 

 a very wide poison belt without stopping to feed. 



4. LiME^ Salt or Wood-ash Barriers. Eeference has been made at various 

 times to the use of barriers of lime, common salt, wood-ashes, etc., placed across 

 the line of .march of the worms. The writer saw barriers of these various materials 

 used in individual cases and none of them proved of any value in checking the 

 advance of the worms, unless the barrier was so high that it proved a mechanical 

 obstacle. 



5. Land Eollers. In several instances which came under the writer's notice 

 land rollers were used with good effect where the worms were crossing a level 

 piece ,of road. The rollers, of course, were kept going constantly so that the 

 worms were crushed as they came out of one field and hefore they were able to 

 reach the other. Good results were obtained with a roller, however, only when 

 the ground was very level. 



6. Brush Drags. A correspondent has informed the writer thait during 

 the 1896 outbreak heavy brusli drags were used on pasture fields with good 

 results. Unfortunately, this information arrived too late to test on the 1914 

 outbreak, but the writer sees no reason why a heavy brush drag would not give 

 good results where the worms were present in a level pasture field or roadside. 



Suggestions for Control of Euture Outbreaks. 



Erom a summary of the above results one is led to conclude that any future 

 outbreak of Army Worms can be handled successfully by : 



1. The use of trenches where the worms are to be confined to a certain area. 



2. The use of the poisoned bran mas;h where they are already scattered 

 through a crop. 



3. The use of land rollers and brush drags where conditions render pracfticable. 



Predageous Enemies. 



Various predaceous enemies did much to control the Army Worms in some 

 localities. 



1. Domestic Animals. Pigs, chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese and pigeons 

 were all seen to feed to engorgement on the larva. In one or two instances the 

 worms were certainly kept down over small areas by the feeding of pigs and 

 poultry. 



2. Insectivorous Birds. Various species of birds fed in considerable num- 

 bers on the larvse. 



3. Predaceous Insects. Various species of large ground beejtles, such as 

 Cdlosoma calidum, Ea)b., C. scrutator, Eab., and Harpalus caligmosus, Fab., as 

 well as many smaller species were observed feeding on the larvae in large numbers. 



Parasites. 



The larvae were heavily parasitized by insects during 1914, and this extensive 

 occurrence of parasites had doubtless much to do with the rapid reduction in 

 numbers of the first brood. 



