1915 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 101 



Mr. Gibson : This year we were able to get it to the locality where it was tried 

 out within 16 hours, and under ideal conditions. 



The President : But unfortunately without good results. The failure may be 

 due to the fact that we had to transfer it from the place of manufacture to the place 

 where it is used. In its manufacture you have to carry out so many experiments. 

 First it is necessary to inoculate one series of grasshoppers. Then you have to take 

 the virus from them and to go through at least twelve series of grasshoppers, some- 

 limes fourteen or sixteen. You then make the bouillon and this is used to prepare 

 the final fluid. Next year all being well, I propose to move the seat of the experi- 

 ments, if it can be arranged, to this district in Three Eivers, and have it right in the 

 locality where the locusts are so abundant, in the hope of trying it out there. Whether 

 it will be successful or not, it is difficult to say. It is claimed that they have had 

 success with it in the Argentine and also in Northern Africa. But whether we can 

 secure success in Canada remains to be seen. I do not think it will ever take the 

 place of the Kansas formula, because its use necessitates the presence of a bacteriolo- 

 gist and bacteriological plant to manufacture the bouillon, and the facilities in re- 

 gard to getting it away to outside points is somewhat limited. Unless therefore, 

 there was an unusually severe outbreak which would warrant the locating of a labor- 

 atory of that kind, it might be preferable to use the more simple poisoned bran 

 remedy. 



Peof. Caesar : I have tried the Kansas remedy too, and have had a number of 

 district representatives try it. They have all been well pleased. There are three 

 little matters which I should like to refer to in connection with this. First in regard 

 to the cutting of the pulp amd rind of the lemons. If you run them through a meat- 

 chopper it is handiest and the quickest way you can find. The second point is in re- 

 gard to the amount of water. I myself used considerably less water than the Kansas 

 people and Mr. Gibson. I only use two gallons where he uses three. I find that to 

 be eminently satisfactory, and the reason I did it was because I had used the bran 

 on other occasions and found that with a smaller amount of water it was easier to get 

 the bran into the form of sawdust which form is necessary. It must go through the 

 fingers easily. Third in applying it, it is not necessary to cover every foot of ground, 

 because the grasshoppers move here and there. I made about 2i/2 gallons of it to 

 over an acre. It will go over an acre and a quarter just as easily. Twenty pounds 

 are sufficient for five acres. I take a handful of it and scatter it much as I should 

 if sowing grass seed. It is not at all necessary to cover the ground uniformly. You 

 may miss some here and there, and it makes very little difference. The number of 

 insects you are going to get to each square yard depends entirely upon the number 

 there are. I have never found so many as Mr. Gibson did. I think 120 was the 

 largest number I got. 



Mr. Criddle : As regards locust work in Manitoba, we have not used the Kan- 

 sas bait yet owing to the fact that the locusts were scarce this year, but I' find that 

 a very important factor is that of temperature and, of course, moisture. I do not 

 know whether it has been noticed here, but the grasshoppers in our district do not 

 come out at all when the temperature is below 50 degrees. ■ We have tried the poison 

 bran on cold days but with no results. The hotter and dryer days gave the 

 better results. In that respect moisture plays a very important part. In fact 

 if you put out an ordinary pail of, water and put in a little sugar to sweeten it, the 

 grasshoppers will be attracted for at least fifty feet around and drown themselves 

 in the pail. We have only tried the horse manure and bran and that sort of thing. 

 In the case of horse manure in Manitoba, I have noticed horses go 100 yards or more 



